. t 0l these countries the Il) are now working to develop relationships similar
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t 0l these countries the Il) are now working to develop relationships similar to ommunist countries. Thus, in some countries where unions are strong bership is sall (e.g., Germany), while in other countries where unions actuiai strong, their membership may actually be quite large (e.g,, Mexico, Japan) say not union membership as a percentage of the workforce is largest in countries like ute ute membership is lowest in countries like the US. In countries such as on-c in while absolute Swedt nions are just beginning to develop traditional roles EVOLUTION OTERNATIONAL LABOR ELATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS in the 19th century some aspects of the early union movement developed as a tional movement (after all, "T'Internationale" was the fight song of the union t), fairly quickly unions became more nationalist and protectionist in nature result of country variances in industrialization (which created much of the largely as a tus for the development of unions) and the impact of two 20th-century world wars. impet owever, at the end of World War II and partially due to the dividing of the world into a Western/capitalist sector and a Communist between these two sectors, the international federations of labor divided into two factions: a Western-oriented group and a communist-supported group (and, as mentioned above, the roles of unions in these two very different economic and government systems were radically different as well). Then, with the end of the cold war in 1989-1991, and the rapid development of global trade, the traditional national focus of trade unions began to become once again more global.5 Today, largely due to the uncontrolled growth of the power of MNEs, there is strong interest in the labor movement to cross borders and join together for the achievement of their common labor-related missions. The major institu- tions of the international trade union movements are now using the term "international" in their names. And over the last 50 years, or so, trade unions from different nations have combined in cross-border federations to create the beginnings of an international trade union structure in an attempt to develop some international focus and capabilities to deal more effectively with MNEs and their globalization. At the same time, employers have also -dominated sector and the resulting Cold War
Explanation / Answer
Q. 11) HR professionals plays a very important role in the succession of the merger and acquisition.
Stages of the combination :-
Q. 12) Various international federations and labor union organizations :-
International federation are the international representative of global union organization which specifies in various sectors of the industry. Some of them are described below taken from the text :
A. International trade union confederation (ITUC) :-
It is the world's largest trade union. It was formed in the year 2006 by merging ICFTU and WCL. ITUC mainly aims to ensure the worker's right such as right to build trade union, collective bargaining, right to protect against discrimination eamong employees etc. For promoting these rights, ILO plays a big role.
B. World federation of trade unions ( WFTU) :-
It was established in the year 1945. The main aim of WFTU is to bring together various trade unions from around the world. It is headquartered in Athens, Greece. WFTU follows the objectives of U.N. These are - right to organise, right to work, right to get freedom from discrimination.
C. Global union federation (GUF) :-
GUF is an international trade union organization which represents specific sectors of industry. Before GUF used to be known as International trade secretariat (ITS). Some of the industry sector comes under GUF are - textiles workers, leather workers, building workers, wood workers, transport workers, food and agriculture workers etc.
13. Cultural dimensions :-
Cultural dimensions are the cross cultural communication which describes the effects of society's different cultures and values. According to globe various cultural dimensions are -
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