Short Answer: (6 points) Electrons harvested during Glycolysis and Kerbs-cycle a

Question

Short Answer: (6 points) Electrons harvested during Glycolysis and Kerbs-cycle are transferred to Electron Carriers that transport and transfer them to the Electron Transport Chain. What is the name of this electron transporter molecule in its reduced state and in its oxidized state? The common abbreviation of the molecule ?s sufficient. Oxidized state: Reduced state: Electron Carriers transfer electrons to the molecules of the Electron Transport Chain. Where is this Electron Transport Chain of heterotroph eukaryotic cells located ? In the cytoplasma of the cell. Bound to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. In the mitochondrial matrix.

Explanation / Answer

The term "Glycolysis' has originated from the Greek words, glycos for sugar and lysis for splitting. It occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and is present in all living organisms. This metabolic pathway converts glucose into pyruvate, CH3COCOO? + H+.

Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle is the pathway for the breakdown of glucose and also other metabolites like other sugars, amino acids and fatty acids.

The metabolic pathway through which the electron passes from one carrier to another is called the electron transport system and it is present in the inner mitochondrial memebrane. There is a spatially seperated series of redox reaxtions. The electrons herein are transferred from a donor molecule to the acceptor molecule. The Gibbs free energy is the underlying force in all these reactions.

Two electron transporter molecules, namely:
Nicotine Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) and
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) are responsible for the transfer.

Oxidised State : FAD & NAD

Reduced State : FADH & NADH

(Addition of hydrogen makes the molecule reduced)

Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Electron Transport Chain is located in the inner mitochondrial memebrane. Electrons from NADH produced in the mitochondrial matrix during citric acid cycle are oxidised by an NADH dehydrogenase and electrons are then transferred to ubiquinone located within the inner membrane.

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