For this final project, select one of the following operating systems: Windows 1

Question

For this final project, select one of the following operating systems:

Windows 10

Unix

MS-DOS

Linux

Windows Server

Apple MacOS

Apple iOS

Google Android

And describe how each handles each of the following topics we have covered in class:

Processes

Threads

Mutual exclusion

Deadlock

Scheduling

Memory management

Virtual memory

A minimum of two paragraphs is required to cover each of the topics. The paper should be single-spaced so the number of pages is flexible, as long as you meet the two-paragraph requirement and cover the topic in depth.

i would like the window 10,Apple MacOS,Apple iOS,Google Android either one

Explanation / Answer

Window 10

      Processes:

                  A process is a program that is running on your computer. This can be anything from a small background task, such as a spell-checker or system events handler to a full-blown application like Internet Explorer or Microsoft Word. All processes are composed of one or more threads.

                   Since most operating systems have many background tasks running, your computer is likely to have many more processes running than actual programs. For example, you may only have three programs running, but there may be twenty active processes. You can view active processes in Windows by opening the Task Manager

In general, a process can have one of the following five states at a time. This is the initial state when a process is first started/created. The process is waiting to be assigned to a processor. Ready processes are waiting to have the processor allocated to them by the operating system so that they can run.

Threads:

In computer science, a thread of execution is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system.

One or more threads run in the context of the process. A thread is the basic unit to which the operating system allocates processor time. A thread can execute any part of the process code, including parts currently being executed by another thread. A job object allows groups of processes to be managed as a unit.

An application consists of one or more processes. A process, in the simplest terms, is an executing program. One or more threads run in the context of the process. A thread is the basic unit to which the operating system allocates processor time. A thread can execute any part of the process code, including parts currently being executed by another thread.

Mutual exclusion:

In computer science, mutual exclusion is a property of concurrency control, which is instituted for the purpose of preventing race conditions; it is the requirement that one thread of execution never enter its critical section at the same time that another concurrent thread of execution enters its own critical section

Mutual exclusion is defined in the profile used to create a file. You configure mutual exclusion in a profile by using mutual exclusion objects. You add streams one at a time to the mutual exclusion object, set the type, and include the object in the profile.The Windows Media Format SDK recognizes four types of mutual exclusion.

The Windows Media Format SDK supports MBR encoding for both video and audio streams. In addition, you can create a special type of MBR encoding called multiple-video-size MBR encoding. Multiple-video-size MBR video functions identically to normal MBR video except that you can specify different image sizes for the video streams in the mutual exclusion.

Deadlock:

a deadlock is a state in which each member of a group is waiting for some other member to take action, such as sending a message or more commonly releasing a lock.[1] Deadlock is a common problem in multiprocessing systems, parallel computing, and distributed systems, where software and hardware locks are used to handle shared resources and implement process synchronization.

Deadlock Detection monitors the driver's use of resources which need to be locked -- spin locks, mutexes, and fast mutexes. This Driver Verifier option will detect code logic that has the potential to cause a deadlock at some future point.

The Deadlock Detection option of Driver Verifier, along with the !deadlock kernel debugger extension, is an effective tool for making sure your code avoids poor use of these resources.

Deadlock Detection is supported only in Windows XP and later versions of Windows.

A deadlock occurs when two or more tasks permanently block each other by each task having a lock on a resource which the other tasks are trying to lock. The following graph presents a high level view of a deadlock state where:

Task T1 has a lock on resource R1 (indicated by the arrow from R1 to T1) and has requested a lock on resource R2 (indicated by the arrow from T1 to R2).

Task T2 has a lock on resource R2 (indicated by the arrow from R2 to T2) and has requested a lock on resource R1 (indicated by the arrow from T2 to R1).

Because neither task can continue until a resource is available and neither resource can be released until a task continues, a deadlock state exists.

Scheduling:

The system scheduler controls multitasking by determining which of the competing threads receives the next processor time slice. The scheduler determines which thread runs next using scheduling priorities.

Scheduling Algorithms:

Threads are scheduled to run based on their scheduling priority. Each thread is assigned a scheduling priority. The priority levels range from zero (lowest priority) to 31 (highest priority). Only the zero-page thread can have a priority of zero. (The zero-page thread is a system thread responsible for zeroing any free pages when there are no other threads that need to run.)

Memory management:

Memory management is the process of controlling and coordinating computer memory, assigning portions called blocks to various running programs to optimize overall system performance.

The memory manager implements virtual memory, provides a core set of services such as memory mapped files, copy-on-write memory, large memory support, and underlying support for the cache manager.

The following elements are used with memory management:

Each process on 32-bit Microsoft Windows has its own virtual address space that enables addressing up to 4 gigabytes of memory. Each process on 64-bit Windows has a virtual address space of 8 terabytes. All threads of a process can access its virtual address space. However, threads cannot access memory that belongs to another process, which protects a process from being corrupted by another process.

Virtual memory:

Virtual memory has a very important role in the operating system. ... Virtual memory is simulated memory that is written to a file on the hard drive. That file is often called page file or swap file. It's used by operating systems to simulate physical RAM by using hard disk space.

Rating is available when the video has been rented. Published on Aug 1, 2016. Adjust Virtual Memory on windows 10 to optimize system performance. Virtual memory combines your computer's RAM with temporary space on your hard disk. When RAM runs low, virtual memory moves data from RAM to a space called a paging file.

The virtual memory functions enable a process to manipulate or determine the status of pages in its virtual address space. They can perform the following operations:

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