4. (i) What is the main difference between user-level threads and kernel-support

Question

4. (i) What is the main difference between user-level threads and kernel-supported threads? (ii) For a client application in a client-server system would you use user-level threads or kernel-supported threads? Explain. (iii) For a server application in a client-server system would you use user-level threads or kernel-supported threads? Explain. 5. (i) Explain each step that is performed by the dispatcher during a context switch between two processes. (ii) Explain what would be different (if any) if the context switch occurs between two threads of the same controlling process. 6. Suppose that an operating system distinguishes the time that a process or thread is running in user mode and the time that code is executed in system mode on behalf of that process or thread. Modify the following process state diagram to reflect the user and system running modes.

Explanation / Answer

4(i) user level threads

user level threads are overseen by a user level library anyway despite everything they require a portion framework call to operate.It does not imply that the piece knows anything about thread management.Not at all It just deals with the execution part.The trouble between user level threads and the bit is a known inconvenience. For this situation the part may not support a procedure that has numerous threads.User level threads are normally fast.Creating threads exchanging amongst threads and synchronizing threads just needs a methodology call.They are a decent decision for non blocking assignments generally the whole procedure will square if any of the threads pieces.

Kernel Level Threads

Kernel level threads are overseen by the OS in this manner, thread operations (ex. Planning) are executed in the part code.This implies Kernel level threads may support thread overwhelming processes.Moreover they can likewise use multiprocessor frameworks by part threads on various processors or cores.They are a decent decision for forms that square frequently.If one thread pieces it doesn't make the whole procedure block.Kernel level threads have burdens as well.They are slower than user level threads because of the administration overhead.Kernel level setting switch includes a larger number of ventures than simply sparing some registers.Finally they are not compact in light of the fact that the usage is working framework subordinate.

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