In response to the increasing criticality of software within systems and the inc

Question

In response to the increasing criticality of software within systems and the increasing demands being put onto 21st century systems, systems and software engineering processes will evolve significantly over the next two decades. explain why they are important with support from your experience or literature(send me link if literature);

increased emphasis on users and end value;

increased emphasis on systems and software dependability;

increasingly rapid change;

increasing global connectivity and need for systems to interoperate;

increasingly complex systems of systems;

increasing needs for COTS, reuse, and legacy systems and software integration;

Explanation / Answer

Hi,

Please find below the answer-

1. increased emphasis on systems and software dependability - In the past times, the software and systems engineering were treated as two separate desciplines. This is because first systems engineering was considered as a descipline  as a discipline for determining how best to configure various hardware components into physical systems such as ships. So when they started using the software systems in these systems, it was natural to treat them sequntially. But over a period of time both the desciplines started to merge due to below reasons-

a) The user specific requirements are not clear always before the system was built. The requirments evolve over a period of time.

b) Software people recognise that the sequential approach was not conducive enough to develop a software that gives a satisfactory product to cusomer.

2. increasingly rapid change -  Global connectivity also accelerates the ripple effects of technology, marketplace, and technology changes. Rapid change also increases the priority of development speed vs. cost in capitalizing on market windows.

3. increasing global connectivity and need for systems to interoperate - The global connectivity provided by the Internet provides benefits of scale and network economies that drive both an organization’s product and process strategies. Distribution and mobility services create both rich new bases for synergetic collaboration and challenges in synchronizing activities as it is performed in Location independent manner. Differential
salaries provide opportunities for cost savings through global outsourcing, although lack of careful preparation
can easily turn the savings into overruns.

4. increasingly complex systems of systems; - Some of the modern systems like Agile methodology includes  high risks of inadequate interoperability. As a result of this  the organisations need to reinvent themselves around transformational, network-centric systems of system. These are necessarily software intensive systems of systems (SISOS), and have tremendous opportunities for success and equally tremendous risks of failure. The failures could be due to unacceptable delays in service, uncoordinated and conflicting plans, ineffective or dangerous decisions, and inability to cope with rapid change.

5.  increasing needs for COTS, reuse, and legacy systems and software integration - COTS products are easier to integrate and it helps the programmers to concentrate more on programming. Code re-usability helps faster integration between system and software as it helps programmers spend more time in adhering the software as per the system needs.

Thanks and Regards,

Vinay Singh

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