1 Task Write a program which allows the user to pick up electrical signals and t
ID: 3842939 • Letter: 1
Question
1 Task
Write a program which allows the user to pick up electrical signals and to output them as required for a given electric circuit at different measuring points. The central element is variable resistors (potentiometers) whose electrical conductivity can be adjusted continuously between 0 and Pmax.
The circuit itself is to be implemented as fixed. The entire circuit has a single V0 volt voltage source and a switching circuit with exactly two parallel basic switching paths as a structure. These basic switching paths contain three serial subcircuits with always exactly two parallel switching paths. Each of these switching paths consists of precisely one potentiometer and two parallel incandescent lamps.
The resistances of the lamps have to be provided with a default value L0 (default). The user should be given the opportunity to change this for all lamps together. The potentiometers are also to be equipped with a default value P0. After the program has started, a user has the option of setting as many potentiometer values within the permissible resistance range [0; Pmax]; Error inputs are to be intercepted with respect to the maximum value Pmax or negative values. At the moment of the input, the current value Pi should always be output.
The characteristic voltage Vi and the current intensity Ai should be able to be taken off at the respective positions of the luminous means. These are to be output to the user request.
2 Implementation requirements
Quantitative specifications can be implemented in the program code, but in all cases, the implementation must always be able to process any possible changes without errors.
To be used are essentially the technological programming tools presented in the event. The rules of structured programming must be observed!
The work environment and the platform, or the operating system in which the project is created, can be selected as desired. The completed program must be executed with every ANSI C89bzw. ISO C90 standard compiler in executable form. The following exceptions are permitted:
(1) Comments can also be specified in the line form with the double slash
(2) Variable definitions of run indices in for loops can be performed in the grinding head
Explanation / Answer
Resistors provide a fixed value of resistance that blocks or resists the flow of electrical current around a circuit, as well as producing a voltage drop in accordance with Ohm’s law. They can be manufactured to have a fixed resistive value in Ohms or a variable resistive value adjusted by some external means.
The potentiometer, commonly referred to as a “pot”, is a three-terminal mechanically operated rotary analogue device which can be found and used in a large variety of electrical and electronic circuits. They are passive devices, meaning they do not require a power supply or additional circuitry in order to perform their basic linear or rotary position function. Variable potentiometers are available in a variety of different mechanical variations allowing for easy adjustment to control a voltage, current, or the biasing and gain control of a circuit to obtain a zero condition.
The name “potentiometer” is an acronym of the words Potential Difference and Metering, which came from the early days of electronics development when it was thought that adjusting large wirewound resistive coils metered or measured out a set amount of potential difference making it a type of voltage-metering device.
potentiometers are much smaller and much more accurate than those early large and bulky variable resistances, and as with most electronic components, there are many different types and names ranging from variable resistor, preset, trimmer, rheostat and of course variable potentiometer.
But whatever their name, these devices all function in exactly the same way in that their output resistance value can be changed or varied by the movement of a mechanical contact or wiper given by some external action.
Variable resistors in whatever format, are generally associated with some form of control, whether that is adjusting the volume of a radio, the speed of a vehicle, the frequency of an oscillator or accurately setting the calibration of a circuit, single-turn and multiple-turn potentiometers, trim-pots and rheostats find many uses in everyday electrical items.
The term potentiometer and variable resistor are often used together to describe the same component, but it is important to understand that the connections and operation of the two are different. However, both share the same physical properties in that the two ends of an internal resistive track are brought out to contacts, in addition to a third contact connected to a moveable contact called the “slider” or “wiper”.
In the simple voltage divider example above, we have calculated the values for R1 and R2as 500’s and 1000’s respectively, to produce a voltage at the wiper terminal (pin 2) of 6 volts with a wiper angular position of 180o. We have assumed here that the potentiometer is unloaded and producing a linear straight line output, so VOUT = VIN.
However, if we were to load the wiper terminal by connecting a resistive load, RL, the output voltage would no longer be 6 volts as the load resistor, RL is effectively in parallel with R2, the lower 1000’s part, and thus affects the total resistive value of the load part of the voltage divider network.
Consider what would happen if we connected a 3k load resistance to the wipers output terminals.
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