focus on typical attacks in the Internet affecting confidentiality, integrity an

Question

focus on typical attacks in the Internet affecting confidentiality, integrity and availability at various layers: Layer 1: Physical; Layer 2: Link; Layer 3: Network; Layer 4: Transport, and Layer 5: Application. (This is IP Layering; in IP layering, roughly Session, Presentation and Application of the OSI layers are combined into a single Application layer). Pick one layer and describe typical attacks in that layer and the controls that are employed in the layer to minimize the attack or vulnerability that leads to the attack. For example, in the link and network layers, there can be packet sniffing attacks, in the IP (network layer), there could be spoofing attacks, and in various layers, there could be denial of service attacks. Be as specific and as complete as possible and cite your reference materials in your response. You may create a new topic for your response or respond to someone's topics expanding upon it or challenging it.

Explanation / Answer

Network layer: it is a third layer in the OSI Layer.it is accountable to packet forwarding and routing with intermediate routers abd additionally it handles quality of service(QOS).functon of this layer is to forward the message and host the adress.several protocols such as ICMP.IGMP,IPX.RP..etc

Attacks

1.ping flood: it is a past attack and main target is to saturate the network through ICMP traffic.moreover it not powerful now a days since it needs a huge quantity of bandwidth to fulfill.it was utilized to flood huge quantity of data packets for loser frequently in an endeavour to overload it.the action utilized by this ping command is depending on ICMP. it is utilized mainly to check the end to end capability in ip networks.

2.smurf attack: it is not much highly developed attack.simply an affair of routing and permiting the ip take its way.the contestants in the smurf attack are hacer,amplifier and victim respectively.smurf attack involves five easy stages.

1.Initially the hacker recognises the victim ip adress .

2.secondly hacker recognises the intermediate site which extends the attack.

3.Hacker remits the huge quantity of ICMP traffic in broadcast adress.packets posses spoofed to essence across the victim.

4.intermediaries gives the broadcast at data link layer for every hosts on subnets.

5.hosts responds for the victim network.

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