A packet-switching network is using a virtual circuit to transmit data from the

Question

A packet-switching network is using a virtual circuit to transmit data from the source to the destination node. In a given instance of data transmission, a message of

size 56 octets is to be transmitted from node X to node Y. The virtual circuit designed has 3 intermediate nodes, a,b, and c. Each packet in the network has a 4-octet header

that contains the control information. Determine the time of transmission of the message sent from X to Y in each of the following cases:

a. The entire message is sent as a single packet.

b. The message is sent by dividing it into two packets.

c. The message is sent using 7 packets.

d. The message is sent using 14packets.

what conclusion can you draw from the above observation? Assume that the transmission time in each hop is the same.

Explanation / Answer

Virtual circuit switching is a packet switching methodology whereby a path is established between the source and the final destination through which all the packets will be routed during a call. This path is called a virtual circuit because to the user, the connection appears to be a dedicated physical circuit. However, other communications may also be sharing the parts of the same path.

Before the data transfer begins, the source and destination identify a suitable path for the virtual circuit. All intermediate nodes between the two points put an entry of the routing in their routing table for the call. Additional parameters, such as the maximum packet size, are also exchanged between the source and the destination during call setup. The virtual circuit is cleared after the data transfer is completed.

Virtual circuit packet switching is connection orientated. This is in contrast to datagram switching, which is a connection less packet switching methodology. Advantages of virtual circuit switching are:

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