5. Describe the essence of the Bit independence criterion (BIC) in DES (with you

Question

5. Describe the essence of the Bit independence criterion (BIC) in DES (with your own proper words). (1.5 points) 6. What is the effect of increased non-linearity of the F function of DES? (1.5 points) 7. Are the SAC and BIC criteria useful for strengthening the confusion function or the diffusion function? (I point) 8 points 1. The arithmetic operations used in Galois Field GF(p) are the addition and multiplication (1 point) modulo (p-1). a) True b) False 2. The folowing algorithm can be adapted to find the multiplicative inverse of a polynomial. (1 point) a) cyclic b) abelian c) Euclidean d) associative 3. A polynomial fix) over a field Fis called if and only if fx) cannot be expressed as a product of two polynomials, both over F, and both of degree lower than that of fix) (1 point) a) irrevocable b) transformable c) unsolvable d) irreducible

Explanation / Answer

5) The bit Independence Criteria is used to measure the strength of the S-box against threats by keeping some input bits constant. Thus, BIC is quite effective in Data Encryption standards. The source code of BIC is used to implement for fast and efficient performance of the application.

6) Non-linear function makes the cipher more difficult to crack. Linear functions are easy to solve. Non-linear equations can be of plaintext bits, key bits and ciphertext bits and holds probability 1. So the function will become more complex and difficult to solve.

7)both SAC and BIC is used to strengthened the diffusion function.

3 i)b) false: Addition, subtraction and multiplication operations are performed.

ii) c) Euclidean algorithm is used to find the multiplicative inverse of a polynomial.

iii) d) Irreducible polynomial cannot be expressed as a product of two polynomials.

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