Solve Sometimes the terms user, job, and process are used interchangeably Define

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Solve Sometimes the terms user, job, and process are used interchangeably Define each of the terms. In what circumstances do these terms have similar meanings? Explain the difference between mutual exclusion and semaphores. What is the name of the situation when processes wait on each other and cannot continue. List four necessary conditions for this situation to occur. What is the name of the technique in which the processes in memory are re-organized to free contiguous memory? Write a program that creates two independent processes of execution that send each other string "Hello" via pipes

Explanation / Answer

Multiple Questions : Answering one (3rd)

3. Deadlock.

Four (4) conditions that must hold simultaneously for there to be a deadlock.

1. Mutual Exclusion Condition

The resources involved are non-shareable.

Explanation: At least one resource (thread) must be held in a non-shareable mode, that is, only one process at a time claims exclusive control of the resource. If another process requests that resource, the requesting process must be delayed until the resource has been released.

2. Hold and Wait Condition

Requesting process hold already, resources while waiting for requested resources.

Explanation: There must exist a process that is holding a resource already allocated to it while waiting for additional resource that are currently being held by other processes.

3. No-Preemptive Condition

Resources already allocated to a process cannot be preempted.

Explanation: Resources cannot be removed from the processes are used to completion or released voluntarily by the process holding it.

4. Circular Wait Condition

The processes in the system form a circular list or chain where each process in the list is waiting for a resource held by the next process in the list.

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