Getting the following errors and not sure why. My classes for Van are defined ju

Question

Getting the following errors and not sure why. My classes for Van are defined just like for everything else. Also not sure why I am getting the error "undeclared identifier" . Below are the errors when I try and build:

______________________________________________________________________________________

./vehicles.h:1:2: error: unterminated conditional directive
#ifndef VEHICLES_H
^
vehicles.cpp:33:44: error: member initializer 'verbose_' does not name a non-static data member or base class
: serialNumber_(0), passengerCapacity_(0), verbose_(false)
                                           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
vehicles.cpp:36:10: error: out-of-line definition of 'Vehicle' does not match any declaration in 'Vehicle'
Vehicle::Vehicle( const char *serialNumber, unsigned int passengerCapacity, bool verbose )
         ^~~~~~~
vehicles.cpp:37:60: error: member initializer 'verbose_' does not name a non-static data member or base class
: serialNumber_(0), passengerCapacity_(passengerCapacity), verbose_(verbose)
                                                           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
vehicles.cpp:39:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'verbose_'; did you mean 'verbose'?
if (verbose_) std::cout << "Vehicle() ";
    ^~~~~~~~
    verbose
vehicles.cpp:36:82: note: 'verbose' declared here
Vehicle::Vehicle( const char *serialNumber, unsigned int passengerCapacity, bool verbose )
                                                                                 ^
vehicles.cpp:51:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'verbose_'
if (verbose_) std::cout << "~Vehicle() ";
    ^
vehicles.cpp:82:6: error: use of undeclared identifier 'verbose_'
{if (verbose_)std::cout << "Car() "; }
     ^
vehicles.cpp:87:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'verbose_'
if (verbose_) std::cout << "Car() ";
    ^
vehicles.cpp:93:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'verbose_'
if (verbose_) std::cout << "~Car() ";
    ^
vehicles.cpp:103:6: error: use of undeclared identifier 'verbose_'
{if (verbose_)std::cout << "Truck() ";}
     ^
vehicles.cpp:109:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'verbose_'
if (verbose_) std::cout << "Truck() ";
    ^
vehicles.cpp:121:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'verbose_'
if (verbose_) std::cout << "~Truck() ";
    ^
vehicles.cpp:145:1: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Van'
Van::Van()
^
vehicles.cpp:149:1: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Van'
Van::Van( const char *serialNumber, unsigned int passengerCapacity,
^
vehicles.cpp:157:1: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Van'
Van::~Van()
^
vehicles.cpp:157:7: error: expected the class name after '~' to name a destructor
Van::~Van()
      ^
vehicles.cpp:162:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Van'
float Van::LoadCapacity() const
      ^
vehicles.cpp:167:13: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Van'
const char *Van::ShortName() const
            ^
vehicles.cpp:172:1: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Tanker'
Tanker::Tanker()
^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]    

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Here is my code:

(vehicles.h)

____________

#ifndef VEHICLES_H
#define VEHICLES_H

#include
#include

enum VehicleType { badSn, vehicle, car, truck, van, tanker, flatbed };

class Vehicle
{
public:
Vehicle(); // default constructor
Vehicle( const char *, unsigned int ); // 2-arg constructor
virtual ~Vehicle();
const char* SerialNumber() const; // returns serial number
unsigned int PassengerCapacity() const; //returns passenger capacity
virtual float LoadCapacity() const; // returns 0
virtual const char* ShortName() const; // returns "UNK"
virtual float Toll() const; // returns toll using fee schedule
static VehicleType SnDecode(const char* sn);
private:
char * serialNumber_;
unsigned int passengerCapacity_;
};

class Car : public Vehicle
{
public:
Car();
Car( const char *, unsigned int );
virtual ~Car();
const char* ShortName() const; // returns "CAR"
};

class Truck : public Vehicle
{
public:
Truck();
Truck( const char *, unsigned int, char * );
virtual ~Truck();
const char* ShortName() const; // returns "TRK"
float Toll() const; // returns toll using fee schedule
const char* DOTLicense() const; // returns the license no
virtual float LoadCapacity() const;
private:
char *DOTLicense_;
};                                

(vehicles.cpp)

______________

float Vehicle::LoadCapacity() const
{
return 0.0;
}

unsigned int Vehicle::PassengerCapacity() const
{
return passengerCapacity_;
}

const char *Vehicle::ShortName() const
{
return "UNK";
}

float Vehicle::Toll() const
{
return 2.00; // Non-Truck toll
}

Car::Car()
: Vehicle()
{if (verbose_)std::cout << "Car() "; }

Car::Car( const char *serialNumber, unsigned int passengerCapacity )
: Vehicle( serialNumber, passengerCapacity)
{
if (verbose_) std::cout << "Car() ";

}

Car::~Car()
{
if (verbose_) std::cout << "~Car() ";
}

const char *Car::ShortName() const
{
return "CAR";
}

Truck::Truck()
: Vehicle(), DOTLicense_(0)
{if (verbose_)std::cout << "Truck() ";}
                                        

Explanation / Answer

They most often come from forgetting to include the header file that contains the function definition, for example, this program will give an 'undeclared identifier' error:

Missing header

To fix it, we must include the header:

To read more, see http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa229215(v=vs.60).aspx.

Misspelled variable

Another common source of beginner's error occur when you misspelled a variable:

Incorrect scope

For example, this code would give an error, because you need to use std::string:

Use before declaration

g has not been declared before its first use. To fix it, either move the definition of g before f:

Or add a declaration of g before f:

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