Introduction This is a simulation of rolling dice. Actual results approach theor

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Introduction This is a simulation of rolling dice. Actual results approach theory only when the sample size is large. So we will need to repeat rolling the dice a large number of times (we will use 10,000). The theoretical probability of rolling doubles of a specific number is 1 out of 36 or approximately 278 out of 10,000 times that you roll the pair of dice. Since this is a simulation, the numbers will vary a little each time you run it. Check out how to use the random number generator (introduced in section 4.11 of the text) to get a number between 1 and 6 to create the simulation. We will continue to use control structures that we have already learned, while exploring control structures used for repetition. We shall also continue our work with algorithms, translating a given algorithm to java in order to complete our program. We will start with a while loop, then use the same program, changing the while loop to a do-while loop, and then a for loop. We will be introduced to file input and output. We will read a file, line by line, converting each line into a number. We will then use the numbers to calculate the mean and standard deviation. First we will learn how to use file output to get results printed to a file. Next we will use file input to read the numbers from a file and calculate the mean. Finally, we will see that when the file is closed, and then reopened, we will start reading from the top of the file again so that we can calculate the standard deviation. Task #1 While loop 1. Copy the file DiceSimulation.java (see code listing 4.1) from www.aw.com/cssupport or as directed by your instructor. DiceSimulation.java is

Explanation / Answer

1. Copy the files Dice.java (see code listing 5.1) and DiceSimulation.java (see code listing 5.2) to the same project. Compile both programs. Dice.java is complete and will not be modified in this lab, but DiceSimulation.java is incomplete. Since there is a large part of the program missing, the output will be incorrect if you run DiceSimulation.java. 2. You will be modifying the DiceSimulation class only. I have declared all the variables. You need to add what the method does. Convert the algorithm below to Java and place it in the main method after the variable declarations, but before the output statements. You will use several control structures: a while loop and an if-else-if statement nested inside another if statement. Use the indenting of the algorithm to help you decide what is included in the loop, what is included in the if statement, and what is included in the nested if-else-if statement. Repeat while the number of dice rolls are less than the number of times the dice should be rolled. Roll the first die Get the value of the first die Roll the second die Get the value of the second die If the value of the first die is the same as the value of the second die If value of first die is 1 Increment the number of times snake eyes were rolled Else if value of the first die is 2 Increment the number of times twos were rolled Else if value of the first die is 3 Increment the number of times threes were rolled Else if value of the first die is 4 Increment the number of times fours were rolled Else if value of the first die is 5 Increment the number of times fives were rolled Else if value of the first die is 6 Increment the number of times sixes were rolled Increment the number of times the dice were rolled 3. Compile and run the program. You should get numbers that are somewhat close to 278 for each of the different pairs of doubles. Run it several times. You should get different results than the first time, but again it should be somewhat close to 278. Task #2 Using Other Types of Loops 1. Change the while loop to a do-while loop. Compile and run. You should get the same results. 2. Change the do loop to a for loop. Compile and run. You should get the same results.

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