NIST 800-82 is a guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security, which SCADA
ID: 3577382 • Letter: N
Question
NIST 800-82 is a guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security, which SCADA falls under. Select one control, identify whether the control falls under Management, Operational or Technical Controls and explain what this control helps mitigate in a SCADA system? Provide an example of this control in a real world situation (for example you can refer to one of the case-studies and explain how XX control could have mitigated Y). Your reply should be a minimum of 1 paragraph. A paragraph is 3 sentences minimum and 5 sentences maximum. It is OK if you go beyond 1 paragraph. (50 points)
Explanation / Answer
Process management of enormous industrial plants has evolved through several stages. Initially, management would be from panels native to the method plant. but this needed an outsized men resource to attend to those spread panels, and there was no overall read of the method. subsequent logical development was the transmission of all plant measurements to a permanently-manned central room. Effectively this was the centralisation of all the localised panels, with the benefits of lower manning levels and easier summary of the method. usually the controllers were behind the room panels, and every one automatic and manual management outputs were transmitted back to plant.
However, while providing a central management focus, this arrangement was inflexible as every management loop had its own controller hardware, and continual operator movement inside the room was needed to look at totally different components of the method. With coming back of electronic processors and graphic displays it became doable to switch these separate controllers with computer-based algorithms, hosted on a network of input/output racks with their own management processors. These may be distributed around plant, and communicate with the graphic show within the room or rooms. The Distributed system was born.
The introduction of DCSs allowed simple interconnection and re-configuration of plant controls like cascaded loops and interlocks, and straightforward interfacing with alternative production laptop systems. It enabled subtle alarm handling, introduced automatic event work, removed the necessity for physical records like chart recorders, allowed the management racks to be networked and thereby settled domestically to plant to cut back cabling runs, and provided high level overviews of plant standing and production levels. Industrial system technology and its constituent parts have evolved over the decades.
The PLC (programmable logic controller) evolved out of a requirement to switch racks of relays in ladder type. The latter weren't significantly reliable, were troublesome to wire, and were troublesome to diagnose. PLC management tends to be utilized in terribly regular, high-speed binary controls, like dominant a high-speed machine. Originally, PLC instrumentality failed to have remote I/O racks, and lots of couldn't perform over rudimentary analog controls.
SCADA's history is stock-still in distribution applications, like power, fossil fuel, and water pipelines, wherever there's a requirement to collect remote knowledge through doubtless unreliable or intermittent low-bandwidth and high-latency links. SCADA systems use open-loop management with sites that ar wide separated geographically. A SCADA system uses RTUs (remote terminal units, additionally noted as remote measuring units) to send higher-up knowledge back to an effect center. Most RTU systems continuously did have some restricted capability to handle native controls whereas the master station isn't offered. However, over the years RTU systems have adult additional and additional capable of handling native controls.
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