I need each question fully answered to help me study for my midterm exam thank y

Question

I need each question fully answered to help me study for my midterm exam thank you

1) If   a   data   member   is   declared   as   private,   protected   or   public   in   a   base   class,   discuss   how   it  
can   or   cannot   be   accessed   in   a   public   member   function   of   a   derived   class.
2) Discuss   the   difference   between   overloading   and   overriding   a   member   function   in   a   derived  
class.
3) Give   an   example   of   a   situation   where   it   is   necessary   to   define   a   virtual   destructor.
4) What   is   the   feature   that   makes   a   base   class   an   abstract   class?
5) When   designing   a   class   hierarchy involving   classes   A   and   B,   what   are   the   two   questions  
that   must   be   asked   to   determine   whether   class   B   should   be   derived   from   class   A?  
6) What   does   the   following   code   do?  
void drawSquares(Shape **p, int size)
{
Square *sp;
for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ )
{
sp = dynamic_cast<Square*>(p[i]);
if ( sp )
sp->draw();
}
}
7) Explain   why   a   factory   member   function   should   be   a   static   member   function.
8) Write   a   function   template   sort that   takes   two   references   to   generic   objects   and   switches  
them   if   the   first   argument   is   larger   than   the   second.   It   is   only   assumed   that   operator<() is  
defined   for   the   objects   considered.
9) Assume   that   v is   a   vector<int>.   Write   a   for loop   that   prints   all   the elements   of   v on  
standard   output.   Use   an   iterator.

Explanation / Answer

1)

The access specifiers are shown below:

Access

Public

Private

Protected

Same class

Yes

Yes

Yes

Derived class

Yes

No

Yes

Outside class

Yes

No

No

2)

Overloading

Overriding

1)More than one function share a common name

1) A Function in base class is redefined in the derived class.

2)Function parameters are different for each function

2) The functions parameters are same.

3)

The virtual destructor is used whenever a base class pointer is pointing to its derived class. Any attempt made to delete the base class pointer results in de-allocating the memory occupied by the base class. Therefore instead the derived class getting destroyed the base class does. Now as the base class gets destroyed the base class pointer which was pointing to its derived class hold no meaning as it is already destroyed.

In such a case we should make the destructors of the base class virtual so that whenever a delete is called on the base class pointer then as the destructor is virtual the compiler will call the destructor of the respective derived class. Hence the scenario won

Access

Public

Private

Protected

Same class

Yes

Yes

Yes

Derived class

Yes

No

Yes

Outside class

Yes

No

No

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