1.Identify ALL of the components of the respiratory membrane : ---simple squamou

Question

1.Identify ALL of the components of the respiratory membrane:

---simple squamous of alveolar wall

---simple squamous of endothelium

--- parietal pleura

--- basal lamina between alveolus and endothelium

--- pseudostratified ciliated columnar of trachea

---visceral pleura

2. Select ALL of the following which are TRUE of capillaries:

---contain a thin tunica media

--intracellular clefts allow solutes to pass from plasma to interstitium and vice versa

---small sphincters exist at the "beginning" of capillary beds, which allows blood to bypass much of the capillary bed

---continuous are the most common

---pinocytosis is used for exchange of solutes only by sinusoids

---sinusoids are the most permeable

---the walls of capillaries consist only of an endothelium/basal lamina

3. How would a protein deficiency affect capillary dynamics?

---Too little fluid would be reabsorbed into the capillary and fluid would build up in tissues

---Too much fluid would be reabsorbed into the capillary and blood pressure would increase

---precapillary sphincters would not relax

4. The vessels that carry oxygenated blood to specific tissues in systemic circulation, and that have a thin tunica media, are:

Veins

Venules

Arterioles

Elastic arteries

Muscular arteries

Capillaries

5. The most common types of capillaries:

-are very leaky, allowing proteins and red blood cells to pass

-have fenestrations

--do not allow proteins to pass across the endothelium

---have an elastic tunica externa

---do not engage in pinocytosis

6. Most arteries and arterioles constrict in response to sympathetic activation; while arterioles serving muscle and heart dilate in response to sympathetic activation; because

---arterioles to muscle/heart do not receive sympathetic innervation

---NE is used on most arterioles, while E is used on arterioles to muscle/heart.

---the smooth muscle of these different arterioles have different adrenergic receptors

7. Select ALL of the following that are TRUE about the venous end of a capillary bed:

--Proteins are pulling fluids in to the capillary

--Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure < Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure

--Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure > Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure

--Filtration is occurring

--Net Filtration Pressure is negative

--Hydrostatic pressure is pushing plasma out of the capillary

--Net Filtration Pressure is positive

--Reabsorption is occurring

Explanation / Answer

Answer 1. Leave visceral pleura and simple squamous of endothelium and select rest others as they are applicable.

Answer 2. All can be selected except the first option- contain a thin tunica media

Answer 3. Too little fluid would be reabsorbed...

Thus edema occurs because of reduction in the oncotic pressure and increase in the filteration rate.

Answer 4. Venules

Venules have ver thin tunica intima, endothelium surrounded by outer sheath of collagen fibers.

Answer 5. Continuous Capillaries

They do not allow proteins to pass across the endothelium.

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