1.) Gas exchange that occurs at the level of the tissues (across the cell membra

Question

1.) Gas exchange that occurs at the level of the tissues (across the cell membrane) is called:

a) external respiration      b) internal respiration c) interpulmonary respiration

2.) These hormones are amino acid based hormones and are released from the hypothalamus and either increase or decrease the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary:

a) releasing hormones (factors)

b) inhibiting hormones (factors)

c) all of the above

3.) The pancreas is a, an:

a) endocrine gland because it makes hormones to control blood glucose

b) exocrine gland because it makes enzymes that enter the small intestine for digestion

c) both of the above.

4.) Matching

Nervous connection between               a. anterior pituitary

Hypothalamus and here,

Blood portal circulation between              b. posterior pituitary

hypothalamus and here

5.) What is true about the antagonistic hormones insulin and glucagon?

a) insulin is produced by beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and is released after a meal when blood glucose goes up; glucagon is released from alpha cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and is released when blood sugar is low, ie during fasting

a) insulin is produced by alpha cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and is released when blood sugar is low, ie during fasting; glucagon is released from beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and is released when blood sugar is elevated, ie after a meal

6.) A low PO2, associated with deoxygenated hemoglobin, promotes the binding of CO2 to the globin part of hemoglobin. This is called the”

a) Bohr effect

b) Haldane efect

Explanation / Answer

1. Gas exchange that occurs at the level of the tissues (across the cell membrane) is called:

Internal Respiration

Note: Internal respiration is the process of diffusing oxygen from blood to interstitial fluid and to the cell. Also carbon dioxide from cell diffiuse to the interstitial fluid. This process is also known as peripheral gas exchange.

2. These hormones are amino acid based hormones and are released from the hypothalamus and either increase or decrease the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary:

Releasing hormones (factor)

Note: Hypothalamus releases Releasing hormones that stimulates or inhibits pituitary from secretion. Some of the hormones which are releasing factors: Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone, Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone etc. and some inhibiting factors are: somatostatin, dopamin etc.

3. The pancreas is a, an:

both of the above

Note: Pancreas is both endocrine and exocrine glands. The outer cortex or acini releases enzyme so it is the exocrine part of pancreas and the middle medulla or pancreatic islets release hormones so it is the endocrine part of the pancreas.

4. Nervous connection between Hypothalamus and : posterior pituitary
Blood portal circulation between Hypothalamus and : anterior pituitary

Hypothalamus is linked to anterior pituitary via hypophyseal portal system, which transports hypothalamic hormones to the pituitary. Hypothalamus has a hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal axis with the posterior pituitary which is used to coordinate functions of each other.

5. What is true about the antagonistic hormones insulin and glucagon?

Insulin is produced by beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and is released after a meal when blood glucose goes up; glucagon is released from alpha cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and is released when blood sugar is low, ie during fasting

6. A low PO2, associated with deoxygenated hemoglobin, promotes the binding of CO2 to the globin part of hemoglobin. This is called the:

Haldane Effect

Note: Bohr effect is the change in oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve due to change in partial pressure of carbon dioxide and blood pH.

Haldane effect is the binding of gases to hemoglobin as an effect of partial pressure of the gases. Haldane effect is the property of hemoglobin, where low pCO2 level promotes oxyhemoglobin formation in lungs, also low pO2 promotes carbaminohemoglobin formation in tissues.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse 1
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.