please answer all the questions ansqwering only one question is not helpful and

Question

please answer all the questions ansqwering only one question is not helpful and try to answer them correctly please.

Question 16

What evidence do we have for the function of the prefrontal cortex? Evaluate at least three studies discussed in chapter 15 and cite experimental evidence in your response.

Question 4

Explain in your own words how the locus coeruleus neurons cause us to panic under stressful stimuli and make decisions we would not make if the stimuli were not present.?

Question 11

Chapter 13 stated that one of the symptoms of excessive sleep deprivation is problems with memory. How could you explain this based on neural activity experiments of hippocampal neurons during sleep (section 14.5)?

Explanation / Answer

question no 16 ; The function of prefrontal cortex is that a single neuron maintains representation of task relavant stimuli in working memory. evidences show that stimulus across a delay lasting upto several seconds

1 ;first studies

(fruster and alexander, 1971; funahasi et.al.;1993a;levy and goldman rakic,2000,) studies releveled that it has two specifickey properties first it is specific to stimulus being rememberd consistant with conntaning information about the content of working memory, second it only encodes stimuls that is relavant to the task . these properties has seen in monkeys and humans

2;second studies

microstimulation increases the rate of error, the longer the delay the greater error rate (wegener et. at.,2008)

3 third studies

the delay period acttivity in prefrontal cortex did not encodes information specific to the stimulus bieng held in working memory (curtis and Esposito 2003;riggall and postel 2012)

question no 4 ceroeleus neurons stimulus causes aggretions by which the things are rememberd in better way which are panic in stressfull conditions so if thes neurons are not present it will not led to stimulation of neurons.

question 11 ; hippocmpel neurons are present in medial temporal lobe of brain. prolonged sleep disruption distrups memory formation as maturation and integration of new cells does not occur in explored mechanism .the hippocampus is an important part of limbic and coginative system that plays important role in coginative and emotions. sleep disruption disrupts neurogenisis and hippocmpel functions.prolonged sleep disruption involves a complex and interaction set of factors.

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