..Identify major regions of the brain and there function: cerebrum, cerebral cor

Question

..Identify major regions of the brain and there function: cerebrum, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, arbor vita, brain stem, corpus callosum, thalamus, cerebral aqueduct, cerebral peduncles, midbrain, dentate nucleus, reticular formation, limbic system, corpora quadrigemina, primary motor area, hippocampus, cerebral association areas, lateral sulcus, central sulcus, basal ganglia, amygdala (post-tramatic stress disorder (PTSD), pons, substantis nigra (Parkinson disease), spina bifida, CVA (stroke), MI (heart attack), Alzheimer disease….

Explanation / Answer

1. Cerebrum: It is the largest part in the human brain, which is associated with the function of action and thought. There are four lobes in the cortex of cerebrum which perform different functions. Their functions are as follows:

2. Cerebral cortex: It performs almost same functions as cerebrum. There are many wrinkles, which helps in increasing the surface area of brain by accommodating more number of neurons in it. It has grey and white fibres in it.

3. Cerebellum: Cerebellum is the part of brain, which has functions involved in coordination in regulation of movements, posture and balancing etc.

4. Arbor Vitae: This is called white matter of cerebellum, because it has a tree like structure. It communicates the sensory and motor signals to and from cerebellum

5. Brain Stem: It consists of pons, mdbrain and Medulla oblongata. It connects the brain with orther body parts and controls the flow of information from brain to other part like spinal cord. It also functions to control the heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness, breathing, the mechanism of sleep and awake is associated with the brain stem.

6. Corpus callosum: It helps in communication of signals from right hemisphere of cerebral cortex to that of left hemisphere. It integrates all the cognitive and motor sensory signals.

7. Thalamus: It functions in the relaying of motor and sensory signals. It consists a fairly large mass of grey matter. The thalamo- cortico- thalamic circuits play a very important role in consciousness.

8. Cerebral aqueduct: It is present in the midbrain and contains the cerebrospinal fluid. Mainly it functions to connect the third and fourth ventricle in the mesencephalon.

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