1. Explain homeostasis, including negative and positive feedback loops, and be a
ID: 3518773 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Explain homeostasis, including negative and positive feedback loops, and be able to make predictions related to homeostatic imbalance.
2. Identify major arteries and veins, examine blood pressure regulation, and detail capillary exchange.
3. Identify structures and functions of the digestive system (and accessory organs) and outline mechanical and chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients.
4. Identify structures and functions of the heart and explain cardiac physiology in detail including: contraction, conduction system, ECG, cardiac cycle, and cardiac output.
5. Summarize the functions of the endocrine system and identify various hormones, their origins, target cells and effects.
6. Identify structures and functions of the urinary system and explain the three processes of urine formation. Discuss factors that regulate urine output.
7. Distinguish the components of blood and explain hemostasis and blood typing.
8. Identify structures and functions of the respiratory system and explain in detail: pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration.
Discuss physiological changes that occur during pregnancy as a review mechanism for all organ systems covered.
Explanation / Answer
1. Homeostasis
It is tendency toword the equilibrium
it maintained physiologic equilibrium. positive and negative feedback loops are there to proceed this very well
positive loops acts when there is deficiency and negative loop acts when there is excess.
2. Major arteries and veins are those which supplies whole body
they are brachiocephalic,carotid artery,subclavian,descending artery,femoral artery etc
major veins are great sephanous vein,femoral vein,superior vena cava,inferior vena cava.
kidney provide renin angiotensin aldosterone mechanism to maintain blood pressure properly.
capillarys are microtubules.capillary exchange seen between arteriols,capillary and venules. oxygenated blood travels to capillary and blood flows out of capillary to venules.
3. function of digestive system is digestion andabsorption of main nutrients and produced ATP for body building
structure includes whole digestive tract includes oral cavity,pharynx,stomach,duodenum,small intestine,large intestine etc.
4. heart has 4 main chambers
left ventricle left atrium right ventricle right atrium
it provides blood to all part of body.
cardiac output is amount of blood pumps out of heart per minute
conduction through heart started at SA node then travells to AV node to bundle of his perkinje fibers
ECG is electrocardiogram.Which explain detail functioning of heart.
cardia cycle is sequence of events occurs in heart during each beat.
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