Vascular now the general pathway of blood through body. Names of all the great v
ID: 3515761 • Letter: V
Question
Vascular now the general pathway of blood through body. Names of all the great vessels and where they go tol come out of: Aorta, Pulmonary Trunk and arteries, Pulmonary veins, Su perior and Inferior Vena Cava. Velocity of blood flow vs. total cross-sectional area. Blood moves down pressure pressures are highest and where lowest. Hormonal control of arteries an hyperemia and reactive hyperemia gradient- where d local control of arterioles: active -causes and results. Skeletal muscle& respiratory pumps for venous return. What does the blood pressure represent and what are you actually listening for? Why are the blood pressure sounds not the same as the heart sounds?Explanation / Answer
The sequence of blood flow in the heart can be better remembered if one understand the anatomy of the heart. The deoxygenated blood from all the body cells enters into the vena cava (the great vein in the body), which releases blood into the right atrium. The right atrium and right ventricle are separated by tricuspid valve, so the blood enters the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. Then the blood enters the lungs through the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle. The opening between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery is guarded by pulmonary valve. Then the oxygenated blood enters the left atrium through the pulmonary vein, again, the left auricle and ventricle are separated by bicuspid valve, the opening between the left ventricle and aorta (great artery of the body) is separated by aortic valve. From the aorta, the blood is pumped to al the body parts.
The velocity of blood flow increases with increase in total-cross sectional area. The blood flows from the high pressure regions (arteries) to the low pressure regions (veins) and the gaseous exchange ocurs at the capillaries.
The hormonal control of arteries is mediated by the adrenaline, and noradrenaline (adrenal gland hormones) ane the local control is mediated by the osmolarity, the pressure changes in gases, adenosine.
Hyperemia is the increased blood flow to the tissues. If the blood supply to an organ is increased after a period of block (may be due to an ischemic injury) is known as reactive hyperaemia.
Active hyperaemia occurs in active tissues, when their metabolic needs are increased. For example, the increased blood supply to muscles during exercise or a fight or flight response.
To prevent the back flow of blood in the veins due to the low pressure, they are equipped with the special structures known as “pressure valves.” These valves allow the blood towards the heart, while preventing the back flow. The squeezing of veins by skeletal muscles and the presence of valves in veins pushes the blood to flow forward. The venoconstriction also facilitate the venous blood flow.
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