One of the most important advances in surgery arrived near the end of the ninete
ID: 3515383 • Letter: O
Question
One of the most important advances in surgery arrived near the end of the nineteenth century. The British surgeon Joseph Lister hypothesized that using techniques to sterilize surgical tools and clean the skin at the site of the incision would reduce surgical site infections. Years later, Dr. Lister wrote this: Nothing was formerly more striking in surgical experience than the difference in the behavior of injuries according to whether the skin was implicated or not. Thus, if the bones of the leg were broken and the skin remained intact, the surgeon applied the necessary apparatus without any other anxiety than that of maintaining a good position of the fragments, although the internal injury to bones and soft parts might be very severe. If, on the other hand, a wound of the skin was present, communicating with the broken bones, although the damage might be in other respects comparatively slight, the compound fracture, as it was termed, was one of the most dangerous accidents that could happen... it was clearly in some way due to the exposure of the injured parts to the external world." -Lister, J. Address By the President. Science 4 409-429 (1896) This quote highlights the critical role of what component of the innate immune system in defense against microbes? Innate immune receptors O Circulating leukocytes O Tissue sentinel cells O Epithelial barriersExplanation / Answer
Ans.
The choice is: EPITHELIAL BARRIERS.
Epithelial cells are main component of innate immune system and they function as physical barriers, Epithelial cells produces Cytokines and Chemokines and recognize and process danger signals. Epithelial barriers prevent pathogens to enter the body and destroy it before the pathogens establishes itself in the body.
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