The human body can regulate its function responding to the change of its environ
ID: 3513574 • Letter: T
Question
The human body can regulate its function responding to the change of its environment. Temperature is one of the factors which can modulate the body function. Refer to the related lectures and other resources, answer the followed questions with cited reference in details: 1. In case one person accidentally touched a hot pot with his left pointing finger, explain the followed questions. 1a. Where and how the temperature signal is detected? (3 points) 1b. How and where the signal is delivered? Describe the pathways (5 points). 1c. Where and how the signal is processed? Explain the mechanisms that physical signals (temperature) turns into chemical (ions or hormone) or electrical signals (nerve pulse) (4 1d. How the subsequent actions this person may take? explain the signal transduction 1e. List the involved tissue/cells along with the signal detection, delivery and action (5 2 In case one healthy person stay in lower temperature(359F) for a short period 10 2a What kind of change occurs in integumentary system? (4 points) points). pathways (3 points). points) minutes), explain how the body response to it. 2b. What kind of change occurs in respiratory system? (4 points)Explanation / Answer
case 1
1. A thermoreceptor is a non-specialised sense receptor, or more accurately the receptive portion of a sensory neuron, that codes absolute and relative changes in temperature.
2.
Reflex Arc
Contact with the hot pot triggers the start of a series of events in the body to evoke a response.
At the point of contact with the hot pot, skin receptors quickly send nerve impulses (electrical) to the spinal cord (central nervous system) via sensory neurons. In the spinal cord, the impulses are processed and a response is relayed back.
In the spinal cord, the interneurons (also known as relay neurons) make the connections between the sensory neurons (bringing the message from hand) and the correct motor neurons (taking the response back to the hand). It would be not be useful if the response was sent to the wrong part of the body—in this case, a response sent to the leg wouldn't be too helpful as the stimulus is coming from the hand.
From the interneurons, the response is relayed to the motor neurons which project out of the spinal cord to stimulate your muscles (effector) to contract, causing you to snatch your hand away from the hot pot. This pathway taken by nerve impulses to elicit a response is known as a ‘reflex arc’.
This process happens so fast that the response occurs before the message reaches the brain. This results to a quicker time-to-response as the thinking process of the brain may be relatively time consuming.
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