The bones of the foot are Medial view aranged to form two loegitudinal arches an

Question

The bones of the foot are Medial view aranged to form two loegitudinal arches ana rch. The medial longitudinal arch is the ighest arch. Observe The medial t travels calcaneus, talus, naviculat, medial cuneifoem, and the first metatarsal Lateral view iong the medial aspect of the foot It is formed ty the Talut Bases of metatarsal bornes cuneiform Lateral cuneiform Fifth metatarial The lateral longitudinal arch is much lower than h The transverse arch runs from side to side and is forrned by the cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of the metatarsals. Identity this arch on the foot Observe your lab partner standing in the anatomical position, without shoes (no bare feet in the laboratory) Notice that the lateral end, but not the medial end, of the transverse arch contacts the loor Because one end is off the floor, it is not medial arch. Follow its path along the lateral aspect of the foot. It is formed by the cakaneus, cuboid, and the fith comidered to be a true arch IN THE CLINIC Abnermal Arches MAKING CONNECTIONS Speculate on the function of the arches in the foot, particularly during walking and running Pes cavus, more commonly called high arches is a condition in which the medial longitudinal arches are higher than normal When a person with high arches stands, excessive stress is placed on the metatarsals. Over time, this could cause bone and nerve damage. Mild cases of pes cavus may not require any treatmene Wearing supportive shoes or using prescription orthotic anch can provide relief. In severe cases, surgery to redace the height of the arch may be required Flatfeet is a condition in which the medial longitudinal arch is lower than normal It can be caused by lack of anch development childhood or injury to the ligaments or tendons that Often, fatfeet has no associated symptoms or is not necessary In other cases, it can cause support the pain and treatment not stress and misalignment of the ankles and swelling and pain at these joints. Orthoted resulting in at these joints. Orthoric devices ands help to relieve the pain. in very severe cases, surgery damaged ligaments and tendons may be necessary

Explanation / Answer

The foot has three arches:

Two longitudinal arches i.e Medial arches and Lateral arches and One Anterior Transverse arch. They are formed by Tarsal and Metatarsal bone which are supported by tendons and ligaments in the foot. They are elastic and flexible in nature to Sid in walking and running. The presence of arches makes the sole of the foot concave both anteroposterior and transversely.

Their shape allows them to act like spring i.e they bear the weight of the body and absorb the shock during walking and running. They act like lever in propelling the body forward during walking, running and even leaping.

The medial arch is higher than the lateral arches. It is formed by calcaneus, talus, navicular, three cunieform and first three metatarsal bones. It is supported by muscles, ligaments, bones and plantar aponeurosis.

The lateral arch is flatter than medial arch. It is formed by calcaneus, cuboid and fourth and fifth metatarsal bones. It lies on the ground in standing position. It is supported by muscles, ligaments, bone and plantar aponeurosis.

The Anterior transverse arch is located in the coronal plane of the foot. It is formed by metatarsal, cuboid and three cunieform bones. It is supported by muscles, ligaments, bones and plantar aponeurosis.

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