4. How would an equal distribution of ions inside (intracellular) and outside (e

Question

4. How would an equal distribution of ions inside (intracellular) and outside (extracellular) the neuron affect the membrane potential? What is the advantage of an unequal distribution? 5. Explain the role of positive and negative ions in the conduction of 6. Identify the characteristics (e.g. where, when, variation in size) of 7. Describe salutatory conduction, myelin sheath and nodes of nerve signals the a)resting potential, b)graded potential and c)action potential Ranvie 8. What is multiple sclerosis? 9. What is the "all-or-none" law? 10. What is the absolute refractory period? The relative refractory period? 11. What role does a "voltage-gated" channel play? 12. What are 2 major differences between an EPSP and an action potential? during an IPSP (hyperpolarization)? brain: EEG (electroencephalogram), ERPs (Event-related 13. What happens during an EPSP (depolarization)? What happens 14. Contrast spatial summation and temporal summation 15. Describe methods to measure the gross electrical activity of the potentials/ evoked potentials) 16. How does brain activity during epileptic seizures differ from normal brain activity? What are the symptoms of epilepsy? How is it diagnosed, and how is it treated?

Explanation / Answer

8.Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which the immune system eats away the protective covering of the nerves.

9The strength by which a nerve responds tona stimulus is not dependent on the strength of the stimulus.if the stimulus has the strength above threshold the nerve will give complete or no response.

10.time during which another stimulus given to the neuron will not in anyway lead to a second action Potential.absoute refractory period takes place for 1-2ms.

11.the most important role that the voltage channel play are in excitable cells such as nuronal and muscle tissue which allows rapid and co ordinated depolarization in response to the triggering voltage channels.

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