Summary and synthesis: pH regulation by kidney and lungs: Standard conditions (p

Question

Summary and synthesis: pH regulation by kidney and lungs: Standard conditions (pH normal) Nearly all bicarb some urine slightly acidic produced by kidney; excretion of H+; Lungs: normal rate of breathing- cO, expiration matehes CO, productio n by metabolism Response to ve in addition, increased excretion (secretion) of H+: more new bicarb produced: if necessary, new bicarb produced from phosphate buffer and ammonia ; increased buffering of urine by Lungs: increased rate of Response to Decreased of H+ into lumen) of bicarbonate; decreased excretion of H' (decreased secretion Lungs: Other regulatory aspects of Kidney: ion/secretion of Na , K+, H20; Occurs at later part of nephron as expected for fine- control mechanism -90% total reabsorption of Na in PCT and ALOH but unregulated -8% additional unregulated reabsorption in DCT -98% reabsorption of Na -2% reabsorbtion depending on Na conc. of body fluids by hormone aldosterone,( increase # pumps/transporters)--0-2% In DCT -2% seems small, but " 30 g!; be large vol. of filtrate -to maintain -increased reabsorption of Na+ coupled with increased clectrical balance

Explanation / Answer

ANSWER: STANDARD CONDITIONS (pH NORMAL):-

Nearly all bicarbonates release H+. Some of them produced by kidney.

New bicarbonates produced from CO2 and water in the presence of carbonic anhydrase.

Lungs: increased rate of breathing-CO2 exceeds than made by metabolism.

Decreased production of bicarbonates; decreased secretion of H+ into lumen.

Lungs: normal rate of breathing.

OTHER REGULATORY ASPECTS OF KIDNEY:-

(1) Via counter-current mechanism.

--2% sodium ionby hormone aldosterone; --0.2% reabsorption depending on sodium ion concentration in body fluids.

--increased reabsorption of Na+ coupled with increased release of H+ to maintain electrica balance.

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