Detail, with very specific examples of each item, the meaning of the following c

Question

Detail, with very specific examples of each item, the meaning of the following concepts related to statistical data gathering: Be sure that the concept is first defined, IN YOUR OWN WORDS, and that you use a concrete example (including visual examples) to illustrate your understanding of the statistical concept: Treatment Group; Control Group; Summary Statistic; Numerical Variable; Discrete Variable; Continuous Variable; Ordinal Variable; Nominal Variable; Dependent Variable; Independent Variable; Population; Sample; Simple Random Sample; Stratified Sample;Representative Sample; Convenience Sample; Observational Study; Cohort; Placebo; Prospective Study; Retrospective Study; Cluster; Control Group; Mean; Median; Mode; Histogram; Outlier; Pie Chart;

Explanation / Answer

Treatment Group: In an experiment, a treatment group comprises of the participants who are exposed to the manipulation of the independent variable. For example, a researcher wants to find if eating breakfast in the morning improves concentration throughout the day. She puts the participants into two groups, those eating breakfast and those who do not eat breakfast, and compares the difference between them. The group eating breakfast is the treatment group in this case.
Control Group: In an experiment, a control group comprises of the participants who are not exposed to the manipulation of the independent variable. In the example above, through group not eating breakfast is the control group.
Summary Statistic: As the name implies, summary statistics are used to summarize a large set of data such that it is communicated as briefly and simply as possible. Summary statistics include mean, minimum, maximum, range, standard deviation, and the like.
Numerical Variable: A numerical variable is quantifiable and can be represented in numbers. For example, shoe size, temperature, score on a test, number of endangered species are examples of numerical variables.

Please post the other questions separately as we are supposed to answer just one question or four sub parts of a question.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse D
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.