Item 1 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sam

ID: 3497799 • Letter: I

Question

Item 1

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Modifications that increase task difficulty are also presented to assist instructors in structuring developmental progressions for activities that reflect various net/wall games. For example, game modifications that require participants to strike a ball with a hand after a bounce are introduced before requiring participants to strike a ball with a racquet or with a hand without a bounce.

References:
Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11.

A common strategy in education in general is progressively increasing the complexity of tasks. In the context of physical education, Mandigo and Anderson (2003) describe approaches to modifying net/wall games to help instructors in putting together developmental progressions where the task difficulty increases at each step.

References:
Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 2

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Of course, you could say that free will is an illusion anyway. If there really is a complete theory of physics that governs everything, it presumably also determines your actions. But it does so in a way that is impossible to calculate for an organism that is as complicated as a human being, and it involves a certain randomness due to quantum mechanical effects.

References:
Hawking, S., & Mlodinow, L. (2008). A briefer history of time (Reprint.). New York, NY: Bantam.

A comprehensive theory in physics could, possibly, be used to predict human actions and subsequently challenge our notions of free will (Hawking & Mlodinow, 2008). However, it would still be impossible to calculate faultlessly for an organism that is as complicated as a human being, and so our perception of free will would likely remain intact.

References:
Hawking, S., & Mlodinow, L. (2008). A briefer history of time (Reprint.). New York, NY: Bantam.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 3

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

You could even skip the debate and simply concentrate on getting letters to candidates. The key is to act. Concentrate on two or three issues at the most. If you write on twelve topics, you dissipate the effect. Keep the letter short, one page if possible, two at the most. Your lawmakers and their staffs are busy and are not likely to do more than glance at a long letter.

References:
Simon, P. (2003). Our culture of pandering.Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.

There are many ways to participate in the electoral process. Town hall debates are often open to the public in smaller elections. These debates may provide opportunities for the public to ask questions directly. However, “you could even skip the debate and simply concentrate on getting letters to candidates” since the letter writing approach is not dependent on being able to get access to limited microphone time (Simon, 2003).

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 4

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

The concept of systems is really quite simple. The basic idea is that a system has parts that fit together to make a whole; but where it gets complicated - and interesting - is how those parts are connected or related to each other. There are many kinds of systems: government systems, health systems, military systems, business systems, and educational systems, to name a few.

References:
Frick, T. W. (1991). Restructuring education through technology. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation.

Systems, including both business systems, and educational systems, are actually very simple. The main idea is that systems have parts that fit together to make a whole. What is “interesting is how those parts are connected together” (Frick, 1991).

References:
Frick, T. W. (1991). Restructuring education through technology. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 5

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Overall findings revealed that the technology skills of preservice teachers participating in this study were relatively low, while providing a basis upon which to identify prerequisite skills and instructional objectives for teaching technology skills and integration practices. In planning experiences for technology-rich teacher education programs, curriculum designers could consider some skills as prerequisite, such as word processing, basic computer operation skills, e-mail, and skills associated with the World Wide Web.

References:
Brush, T., Glazewski, K. D., & Hew, K. F. (2008). Development of an instrument to measure preservice teachers' technology skills, technology beliefs, and technology barriers. Computers in the Schools, 25(1), 112-125.

Companies looking to hire new employees could consider some skills as prerequisite, such as word processing, basic computer operation skills, e-mail, and skills associated with the World Wide Web. Surveys of technology skills in other fields, such as Education (e.g., Brush et al., 2008), suggest that technology skills can be quite low.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 6

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

References:
Simon, P. (2003). Our culture of pandering.Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.

Simon (2003) points out the importance of keeping letters to candidates short: "one page if possible, two at the most" (p. 125). Similar advice for blogging about political issues seems appropriate. I would advise that a blogger concentrate on two or three issues at the most. If you write on twelve topics, you dissipate the effect.

References:
Simon, P. (2003). Our culture of pandering.Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 7

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Television and radio editorials--when they rarely occur--are usually bland; typically, they are opposed to sin and for freedom. But too many newspaper editorials are the same, and newspapers do not have a federal license that might be taken away. The unspoken motto that hangs over too many editorial-writing desks is: Don't offend the advertisers. Don't offend the public. Don't be too controversial.

References:
Simon, P. (2003). Our culture of pandering.Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.

Paul Simon, who shares the same name as a famous singer, served in the United State Senate and was a Professor at Southern Illinois University. He was rarely viewed as a bland or a controversial public figure despite frequent appearances on television and radio and publication of opinion pieces in leading newspapers.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 8

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Even though the first digital prototype was not fully functional, designers were able to emulate playing the game by selecting diffusion activities and staff members. Through this interaction, designers noticed that players would need to move the mouse from one side of the monitor to the other for every single turn in the game. Designers also realized that the natural order of the "Activity" and "Staff members" sections were inverted because players need to first select an Information or Diffusion Activity and then select up to five staff members.

References:
Lara, M. A., Myers, R., Frick, T. W., Aslan, S., & Michaelidou, T. (2010). A design case: Developing an enhanced version of the Diffusion Simulation Game. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 1(1). Retrieved from https://www.indiana.edu/~tedfrick/
aDesignCaseIJDL2010.pdf

The fact that players first had to select an activity and then select who to involve in the activity meant that the order of two sections ("Activity" and "Staff member") were mixed up. This issue was observed through the use of an emulated version of the game since the initial digital prototype lacked some functionality.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 9

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

We shall take the simpleminded view that a theory is just a model of the universe, or a restricted part of it, and a set of rules that relate quantities in the model to observations that we make. It exists only in our minds and does not have any other reality (whatever that might mean). A theory is a good theory if it satisfies two requirements. It must accurately describe a large class of observations on the basis of a model that contains only a few arbitrary elements, and it must make definite predictions about the results of future observations.

References:
Hawking, S., & Mlodinow, L. (2008). A briefer history of time (Reprint.). New York, NY: Bantam.

A theory can be thought to exist only in our brains and lack any other form of tangible reality. This does not mean that theories are just fleeting thoughts, since they are comprised of a specific model of how things work and rules that associate model attributes to what we observe in the universe.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 10

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Many students graduate from college not knowing what they want to do with their lives. We propose that students should be encouraged to think about life goals (not just career goals) from an early age and be encouraged to be constantly on the lookout for better goals.

References:
Reigeluth, C. M., Watson, W. R., Watson, S. L., Dutta, P., Chen, Z. C., & Powell, N. D. P. (2008). Roles for technology in the information-age paradigm of education: Learning management systems. Educational Technology, 48(6), 32-39.

Despite investing thousands of dollars into higher education, numerous individuals graduate from university without a clear direction for their lives. Urging learners to consider life aims at a young age with frequent reevaluation could help to avoid this situation (Reigeluth et al., 2008).

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Original Source Material

Student Version

References:
Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11.

Explanation / Answer

1. This is not plagiarism as the student version shows an originally drafted write up in the student writer’s own words. Moroever, the original author/ researchers have been accurately cited in the reference and hence it is not a plagiarised piece of writing.

For a work to be seen as an instance of plagiarism, it would either be written partly or wholly by blindly using another writer or researcher’s ideas, words and phrases without giving due acknowledgment to the original author in the reference. Since the given example does not meet this criteria for plagiarism, it is not a plagiarised work.

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