5. Which of the following is NOT an argument for removing affirmative action pro

Question

5. Which of the following is NOT an argument for removing affirmative action programs?

A).Reverse discrimination is another form of discrimination

B).Preferential treatment interferes with the forces of a free market economy

C).Preferential hiring may result in incompetent people being appointed to unsuitable jobs

D).Social goods and wealth should be distributed equally (i.e., distributive justice)

E).Preferential hiring is unfair because it may prevent another qualified person from being hired

6.Courts around the world have generally ______________ the concept of affirmative action/position action programs as an acceptable tool in the struggle to eliminate discrimination in employment.

A).Ignored

B).Refused to Consider

C).Supported

D).Removed

E).Disagreed with

7. Individual discrimination is performed as part of the organization’s common practices or policies

A) True

B) False

8. A policy or behavior not meant to be discriminatory but resulting in discrimination nonetheless is called

A).Intentional discrimination

B).Overt discrimination

C).Covert discrimination

D).Unintentional discrimination

E).Individual discrimination

9. The two primary goals of affirmative action programs are righting past wrongs and achieving social goals.

A).True

B).False

10. In the United States, Affirmative Action Programs Rule and the Executive Order 11246 (1965) states:

A).Private employers with 100 or more employees and higher-education institutions are required to create affirmative action programs.

B).Employers must make use of affirmative action measures in order to eliminate discrimination and promote quality in the workplace.

C).Employers who conduct business with the federal government are required to develop affirmative action plans.

D).The Boards of Public Limited Companies are required to have each gender comprise at least 40% of the representatives on the board.

E).Private employers of any size must create affirmative action programs

11. Currently, the U.S. is receiving twice as many migrants as it needs to keep its working-age population constant

A) True

B) False

Explanation / Answer

5. Ans: Option D; Social goods and wealth should be distributed equally (i.e., distributive justice)

Explanation

Affirmative action programs are aimed to provide preferential treatment for the members of the group who has undergone discrimination in the past. Reverse discrimination is aimed at giving preference to the majorities and is against affirmative action programs. A free market economy should be able to act freely and the forces of supply and demand should be free from interventions from government or other authorities and hence the statement supports for removing affirmative action programs. Preferential hiring also is a disadvantage of affirmative action programs and hence suggests removing the same. Distributive justice suggests eliminating the inequalities and distributing the goods and wealth equally among the members of the society which is aimed through affirmative action programs. Hence the statement is not an argument for removing affirmative action.

6. Ans: Option C; Supported

Explanation:

Courts have generally supported affirmative action programs as they are intended to eliminate the inequalities in the society and provide preferential treatment for the minorities. The laws mostly give importance to protect the rights of the minorities and hence support affirmative action programs.

7. Ans: Option B; False

Explanation:

Individual discrimination refers to behavior of an individual member of particular race or group which has a harmful effect on members of other group. Individual discrimination is an unethical practice and may lead to laws suits related to discrimination. Hence the organizations do not entertain individual discrimination and prohibit the same through the policies and practices.

8. Ans: Option D; Unintentional discrimination

Explanation:

Intentional discrimination discriminates a group or individual deliberately while unintentional discrimination occurs unintentionally mostly due to lack of knowledge or awareness. Overt discrimination intentionally discriminates openly through prohibited bases while covert discrimination discriminates through passive methods but both are meant to discriminatory. Individual discrimination occurs when the member of a group intentionally harm the individual from other group through behavior.

9. Ans: Option A; True

Explanation:

Affirmative action plans are intended to balance the inequalities by providing preferential treatment to the members of the group who were discriminated in the past. They try to promote social goals through its effort to ensure equal distribution of wealth and status for all the members of the society.

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