http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.518.5301&rep=rep1&type=
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http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.518.5301&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16255123
1) Explanation of the week's topic field. (Cognitive Psychology)
2) Description of how research is typically conducted in this field.
3) Examination of how the article applies this methodology to produce their findings
Influences of emotion on context memory while viewing nim clips LISA ANDERSON AND ARTHUR P. SHIMAMURA University of California at Berkeley Participants listened to words while viewing film clips (audio off). Film clips were classified as neutral, positively valenced, negatively valenced, and arousing Memory was assessed in three ways: recall of film content, recall of words, and context recognition. In the context recognition test, participants were presented a word and determined which film clip was showing when the word was origi- nally presented. In two experiments, context memory performance was disrupted when words enhanced when words were presented during arousing film clips. Free recall of words presented during the negatively valenced films was also disrupted. These findings suggest multiple influences of emotion on memory performance were presented during negatively valenced film clips, whereas it was The role of emotion in human memory has been approached from both psychological and biological perspectives (for reviews see Dolan, 2002; Hamann, 2001; McGaugh, 2003; Reisberg & Heuer, 2004). Seminal investi- gations by Cahill and colleagues (Cahill, Prins, Weber, & McGaugh, 1994; Guy & Cahill, 1999) demonstrated enhanced memory for information presented in a (negatively) emotional context. This enhancement was me- diated by noradrenaline, and the effect was eliminated when participants were administered an adrenergic antagonist (propranolol hydrochloride) during study (Cahill et al., 1994). Such findings point to an emotional arousal system that facilitates memory storage during learning. Based on abundant animal and a growing body of human research, this emotional arousal system depends significantly on the amygdala (Dolan, 2000; Mc- Gaugh, 2003). For example, neuroimaging studies demonstrate amygdala activation during the encoding of emotionally laden stimuli (Hamann, Ely, Grafton, & Kilts, 1999). Moreover, in subsequent tests memory of emo- tional pictures was correlated with amygdala activation during encoding (see also Canli, Zhao, Brewer, Gabrieli, & Cahill, 2000) Despite a growing body of research demonstrating enhanced memory for emotional events, studies of eyewitness memory and psychological trauma suggest reduced or distorted memory under emotional stress Such studies typically assess memory for real-life, autobiographical events AMERICANJOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY Fall 2005, Vol. 118, No. 3, pp. 323-337 © 2005 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois This content downloaded from 13453.225.202 on Wed, 20 Sep 2017 15:55:36 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/termsExplanation / Answer
Cognitive psychology is the study of highter mental processes of the brain such as learning, memory, attention, perception, decision making, reasoning and language. Cognitive psychologists purport that the brain can be comparable to a complex computing machine and that the mind is an information processor. Most of the research in cognitive psychology are conducted as experiments wherein a variable is manipulated in order to study its consequent effects on another variable. Experiments can be extended to understand individual differences between two sets of groups as well. Correlational studies are used when researchers want to understand the nature and extent of relationship between two variables. Cognitive paychologists also make use of psychobiological research wherein cognition is studied specially with respect the the functioning of the human brain. These studies are usually conducted in animals or in humans, post mortem. Case studies and naturalistic observations are used for understand deviant patterns of behaviour of those individuals who have either have exceptional abilities or show some major brain deficits. Finally, computer simulations and artificial intelligence that imitate the human brain are making their way into the study of cognitive psychology as well. The research makes use of the experimental methodology to arrive at its conclusion. The researchers presented four different types of film clips (neutral, positive, negative and arousing) and then assessed how it would impact the words remembered from 6 different word lists (15 words each) that were either presented to them in a written format or played to them via an audio clip.
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