What are the 3 major steps of the scientific method? Describe the relationship b

Question

What are the 3 major steps of the scientific method? Describe the relationship between theories and hypothesis. What is the major difference between correlational research and experimental research? What does the correlation coefficient tell us? Give one example of two factors that have a very strong positive correlation. Give one example of two factors that have a very strong negative correlation. Name some advantages of using naturalistic observation What are psychophysiological methods? Give an example of 2 What is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable? What are the differences between a field study and a laboratory study? What are some ethical issues that affect psychological research?

Explanation / Answer

1)Scientific method includes the (i) includes the formulation of a hypothesis or theory (ii) conduction of experiments and finding values in support of hypothesis or theory (iii)analysing and giving conclusion and results after the conduction of experiments.

2)Theory--It consists of mechanisms and points which have been tested experimentally in laboratories and validated accordingly whereas the hypothesis is only a scientific defination about the occurence of a scietific mechanism which has no real significance as it has been not validated experimentally in labs.

3)Correlational research--It is a set of association of important variables and values used in experimental scientific formula along with statistical values.Experimental research--it includes the analysis of values after the conduction of experiments on scientific machines.

4)Correlational coeffcient--It tells us the linear relationship between different values x and y in terms of standard deviation from a mean set of values.Further linear linear lines and graphs are plotted to analyse the equations and predict their values which satisfy the equation.

5)Example of positive correlation includes the values which increase as the other values increase as in the case of demand and supply ,income, expenditure, gain,credit and profit, loss and debit .

Example of negative correlation includes the examples where the value of one variable increases as the value of other variable decreases for example--As temperature increases, air cooling with the help of coolers is less due to more heat in the surroundings.

6)Some examples of naturalistic observation--It is the experimantal observation and analysis of psychological situtations that occur in their natural way in the environment like th behavior of animals in forests or behavior, brooding and singing of birds in their natural habitat and environment without disturbance.

7)Psychophysiological methods include the methods which include the analysis of thoughts and perceptions present inside the different parts of brain of a particular person during particular situations.The methods used for the analysis of these situations include magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and computerised tomographic scanning(CT-scan).

8)Independent variables are important values which are constant and do not change as the experiment is performed and their values remain the same in the formula being tested experimentally whereas dependent variables include the values which change constantly in the formula being tested and depend upon the factors which govern the working of scientific machines.

9)Field study--includes the collection of samples from fields where plants grow and analysis of their characteristic parameters along with the detailed study and analysis of samples.

Experimental study--It includes the study of scientific mechanisms based on machines in the laboratories with a designed set of parameters to study the experimental findings and values are obtained accordingly.

10)Psychological research includes some of the parameters that affect the release and secretion of dopamine, acetylcholine, gamma amino butyric acid,serotonin, histamine and melatonin upon exposure to various kind of stimulants like severe environmental conditions, excessive stress and anxiety,ultraviolet radiation and allergic response in the body respectively.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse W
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.