What are some of the physical media that Ethernet can run over? What are the sev

Question

What are some of the physical media that Ethernet can run over? What are the seven layers in the Internet protocol stack? What are the principle responsibilities for each of these layers? Perform a traceroute between source and destination on the same continent at three different hours of the day. Find the average and standard deviation of the delays. Do the same for a source and destination on different continents? (Such as tracert www.yahoo.com) Discussion Questions What is Internet phone? Describe some of the existing products for Internet phone. Find some of the Web sites of companies that are in the Internet phone business.

Explanation / Answer

1.

Ethernet is the most commonly used access technology in universities, schools, corporate

sectors and for home networks.

Following are some of the physical media that Ethernet can run over:

Twisted-pair copper wire

Thin coaxial cable

Thick coaxial cable

Fiber-optics cable

Terrestrial radio channels

Satellite radio channels

2.

Following are the seven layers of internet protocol:

Application layer

Presentation layer

Session layer

Transport layer

Network layer

Data Link layer

Physical layer

Principal responsibilities of Application layer:

          Principal responsibilities of Presentation layer:

The main responsibility of presentation layer is to format the data so be given to the application layer.

Principal responsibilities of Session layer:

The main responsibility of session layer is to establish a session between the two application processes on different machines.

Principal responsibilities of Transport Layer:

    Principal responsibilities of Network Layer:

Principal responsibilities of Datalink Layer:

Principal responsibilities of Physical Layer:

3.

The three trials of the round-trip delay between source and the router is

Round - Trip delay in first trail D1=1.03 msec

Round – Trip delay in second trail D2=0.48msec

Round – Trip delay in third trail D3=0.45 msec

           

Calculation of Standard deviation:

                       

4.

Internet phones are the phones that use Internet telephony or packet switched VoIP for telephone calls. Communication is done via the internet. Voice calls as well as video calls can be done using Internet phones. Both the receiver and the caller must have a internet pack in his phone.

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