46)(select all that apply) Which of the following is correct with regard to a bu

Question

46)(select all that apply)

Which of the following is correct with regard to a bureaucracy?

bureaucratic organizations are organized to maximize human satisfaction over efficiency

in bureaucratic organizations, people are assigned to specialized jobs

in bureaucratic organizations, people do not specialize... instead, they tend to be generalists

in bureaucratic organizations, rules and regulations are considered to be more important than tradition and personal whims

in bureaucratic organizations, rules and regulations are irrelevant

in bureaucratic organizations, the unpredictable effects of personal taste and opinion are eliminated, at least in part, because one is obligated to follow rules and regulations consistently

as an institution become more bureaucratized, personal biases become more prevalent

as an institution become more bureaucratized, personal biases are set aside, for the most part, since rules and regulations must be consistently enforced

47)Match the term with the definition (all or nothing question)

a

unwelcome comments, gestures, or physical contact of a sexual nature

b

a category or social position based upon a person's romantic/sexual/emotional attraction to another person (in other words, a category or social position based upon to whom one is attracted)

c

people who feel they are one sex even though, biologically, they are another

d

the cognitive and behavioral expectations based upon one's sex (in other words, what society defines as appropriate based upon one's sex)

e

a category or social position based upon the biological distinction between females and males (and the intersex)

sex

gender

sexual orientation

sexual harassment

transgender

48)(select one answer) The term relativity of deviance refers to the fact that ____________________________________

deviant relatives tend to get more severe negative sanctions than do strangers

what is considered to be normative or deviant varies across time and space

ascribed status is deviant

achieved status is deviant

ideal types help us to better understand the world we live in, although they may not actually exist

49)In part, the purpose of using systematic research methods and a peer-review process in science is to minimize bias to the greatest extent possible.  

B) False

A)

bureaucratic organizations are organized to maximize human satisfaction over efficiency

B)

in bureaucratic organizations, people are assigned to specialized jobs

C)

in bureaucratic organizations, people do not specialize... instead, they tend to be generalists

D)

in bureaucratic organizations, rules and regulations are considered to be more important than tradition and personal whims

E)

in bureaucratic organizations, rules and regulations are irrelevant

F)

in bureaucratic organizations, the unpredictable effects of personal taste and opinion are eliminated, at least in part, because one is obligated to follow rules and regulations consistently

G)

as an institution become more bureaucratized, personal biases become more prevalent

H)

as an institution become more bureaucratized, personal biases are set aside, for the most part, since rules and regulations must be consistently enforced

Explanation / Answer

49. True,

Systematic research and peer review for an article, will highlight the shortcoming in the research, if any, or even provide useful insights about the research method. There is no scope of bias, since per review will be used in a journal and in order to be eligible for a journal publication, quality has to be maintained.

48. C) ascribed status

There is an increased negativity against a person, by imparting him the status that he is committing negative actions, thus “ascribing” him the status that he is deviant. By constantly giving negative reactions to the person, which compels him to turn deviant.

47. A) se-xual harassment

B) - se-xual orientation

C) - transgender

D) - gender

E) - se-x

46. B), D), F) and H)

Bureaucracy is a type of organisation that is complex and people have assignments, jobs as well as are inclined to achieve goals. They are bound by formal rules and hence decision making is quick. The four most common characteristics include: specialisation, organisation, formal rules and hierarchy.

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