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1)In the following table, the average differences of scores on personality tests

ID: 3488495 • Letter: 1

Question

1)In the following table, the average differences of scores on personality tests between monozygotic twins (reared together and apart), dizygotic twins, and non-twin siblings are compared. Monozygotic twins descend from a single zygote and are genetically identical. Dizygotic twins descend from separate zygotes and are as genetically distinct as any two siblings.

Note: The numbers in the table are not measures of personality, but differences in personality scores of the two individuals indicated in each column. For example, sibs reared together had more similar extrovert scores (5.9 difference) than they did paranoia scores (13.8 difference). Also, note that the personality tests were all given at the same age.

Trait

MZ

Reared Together

MZ

Reared Apart

DZ

Reared Together

Sibs
Reared Together

Extrovert Score

3.7

15.1

4.3

5.9

Paranoia Score

4.5

4.1

11.5

13.8

a)Based solely on the data, which has a bigger influence on extrovert scores, genes or environment? Be sure to explain your answer.

b)Based solely on the data, which has a bigger influence on paranoia scores, genes or environment? Be sure to explain your answer.

c)Propose a possible explanation for the differences in the values between the last two columns

Trait

MZ

Reared Together

MZ

Reared Apart

DZ

Reared Together

Sibs
Reared Together

Extrovert Score

3.7

15.1

4.3

5.9

Paranoia Score

4.5

4.1

11.5

13.8

Explanation / Answer

a) Based solely on the data, environment has a bigger influence on the extrovert scores,as there is remarkable difference in the scores(15.1) of the monozygotic twins who were reared apart though they share identical set of genes .

b) Based solely on the data,genes has a bigger influence on paranoia scores.The difference of monozygotic twins both reared together and apart is moreover similar but the scores of dizygotic twins and siblings reared together the difference in scores is significant that indicates the role of genes in paranoia.

c) The possible explanation for the last two columns are: