A new treatment reduces the average duration of an illness, but it does not alte

Question

A new treatment reduces the average duration of an illness, but it does not alter the number of new cases or the number of people dying of the disease. it will there fore

a. decrease the prevalence of the disease         E. Increase the incidence of the disease

b. increase the prevalence of the disease

c. decrease the incidence of the disease

d. increase the incidence of the disease

2. john sees Martha; the pupils of eyes dilate. it is "love at first sight" what division(s) of the ANS is involved

a. both sympathetic division and parasympathetic division

b. neither sympathetic division nor parasympathetic division

c. sympatheyic division

d. somatic motor division

e. parasympathetic division

Explanation / Answer

1) c. Decrease the incidence of the disease.

Prevalence is defined as the percentage of individuals in a population affected by an illness at a given time. As the treatment does not alter the no. of new cases, the prevalence stays unchanged.

On the other hand, incidence is the rate at which the illness occurs. The treatment in question reduces the duration of the illness and so it's incidence falls.

2) c. Sympathetic division

The sympathetic nervous system innervates the radial muscles of the eye contract. On the contrary, the parasympathetic nervous system is involved in construction of the pupil by contracting the circular muscles. Somatic muscle neurons innervate the skeletal muscles thereby controlling the voluntary movements of the body(mostly limbs).

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