32. When the level of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) increases a more urine is

Question

32. When the level of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) increases a more urine is produced b. less urine is produced c. less water is reabsorbed by the nephron and collecting duct d. the specific gravity of the urine Increases 33-39 Base your answers for Questions 33-39 on the Diagrams below 33. This Figure would result in an Increase in GFR 34·This Figure would result in a Drop in Blood Pressure 35·This Figure would result from the action of Paracrines released by the Macula Densa 36. This Figure would result in an Increase in Blood Pressure 37. This Figure shows a constriction of the Afferent Blood Arteriole 38. This Figure shows a constriction of the Efferent Arteriole 39This Figure would result in a Decrease in GFR 40-44 Base your answers on the Diagram of the Nephron below 40. ADH allows facultative water reabsorption to occur here 41. Obligatory water and most Na reabsorption occurs here 42 Aldosterone mediated transcription result in Na reabsorption and K secretion here 43. Filtration occurs here 44. Here half of the water and two-thirds of the sodium and chloride ions remaining in the tubular fluid are reabsorbed

Explanation / Answer

Question 32

Answer is A

more urine is produced. the increased release of ANP increases the glomerular fitration, decreacreases the reabsorption of sodium and water, and decreases the activity of ADH.

Question 33.

answer is A

Dilation of of afferent arterioles increases the blood flow to the glomerulus and increases GFR.

Question 34.

Answer is figure A

Dilation of Afferent arterioles drops the blood pressure.

Question 35

Answer is B

The releases of paracrines from macula densa causes the constriction of afferent arterioles.

Question 36.

Answer is B

Contriction of afferent arterioles increases the blood pressure.

Question 37.

Answer is B indicates constriction of blood vessels

Question 38.

Answer is Figure A indicates constriction efferent arterioles

Question 39

Answer is Figure B

Constriction afferent arterioles decreases the blood flow. there by decreases GFR.

Answer 40-44

Question 40

Answer is E

The ADH facilitated reabsorption of water takes place at the collecting tubules or collecting ducts. The release of ADH increases the number of aquaporin-2 channels on the luminal membrane there by increases the reabsorption of water from collecting duct.

Question 41

Answer is B

Obligatory reabsorption of water and sodium take place in the proximal convoluted tubules and descending loop of henle because these sites are permeable to water.

Question 42.

Answer is E

Aldosterone mediated transcription leads to reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium ions. The aldosterone which produced from zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex enters into

  Principal cells of collecting ducts and binds to aldosterone receptors and produces aldosterone induced proteins. These proteins increases the number of sodium channels on luminal side and increases number of sodium potassium ATP pump on basolateral side. So there is increased sodium reabsorption and excretion potassium.

Question 43

Answer is A

Bowman’s capsule. In Bowman capsule the consist of glomerulus composed of vascular beds which causes filtration.

Question 44.

Answer is B

About two-third of the sodium and more tha half of the water is reabsorbed in tubule by proximal convolute tubules. For 100% the reabsorption of water and different ions are as follows

Glucose and amino acids – 100%, urea – 50%, sodium, potassium and phosphate – 65-70 %, and water is 70% chloride also 65- 70%.

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