Date UN Check Your Understanding Critical Thinking and Application Questions REV

Question

Date UN Check Your Understanding Critical Thinking and Application Questions REVIEW 1 Sometimes the terms "neuron" and "nerve" are mistakenly used interchangeably, Explain the difference between the two structures 2 Damage to which cranial nerve(s) might produce the following results? a Inability to move the tongue b Inability to see 14 c Inability to masticate (chew food) d Inability to swallow Dave was playing a hockey game when he was hit in the face by a puck. He suffered a broken nose during the injury and now finds that his sense of smell has diminished. What is likely causing this? 3 vour natient. Mr. Pratchett, is unable to open his eyelid. On examination, you find that his pupil is dilated, and he is unable to move his affected eye in any direction except laterally and downward, indicating that only his lateral us and superior oblique extrinsic eye muscles are functioning. Based on this information, which cranial nerve do you think is involved in Mr. Pratchetts condition? Explain your reasoning Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous System UNIT 14 387

Explanation / Answer

1.Nerve and neuron are two structural components that make up the nervous system of vertebrates. The nervous system helps animals to respond to both external and internal stimuli. The information gathered by the sensory receptors in the body are sent to thecentral nervous system by the neurons in theperipheral nervous system. The central nervous system is also composed of neurons. The relevant responses are sent to the effector organs with the aid of peripheral nervous system. The main differencebetween nerve and neuron is that a nerve is a bundle of neurons along with their connective tissue sheaths, blood vessels, and lymphatics whereas a neuron is a cell of the nervous system that conducts nerve impultion

2.a.hypoglossal nerve-Xll

B. Optic nerve

C.mandibular division

D.glossopharynegal nerve

3 this condition is called .Anosmia is the inability to perceive odor or a lack of functioning olfaction—the loss of the sense of smell. Anosmia may be temporary, but some forms such as from an accident, can be permanent. Anosmia is due to a number of factors, including an inflammation of the nasal mucosa, blockage of nasal passages or a destruction of one temporal lobe. Inflammation is due to chronic mucosa changes in the paranasal sinus lining and the middle and superior turbinates.

4 Damageto occulomotor nerve All of the extraocular muscles, except the lateral rectus and superior oblique, will be denervated and paralyzed and the patient will be unable to elevate or adduct the eye ipsilateral to the oculomotor nerve damaged.

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