Many people experience orthostatic hypotension upon standing from a seated or la

Question

Many people experience orthostatic hypotension upon standing from a seated or laying position. This means that their blood pressure decreases rapidly. During this event they quickly activate short term (so not the RAA pathway) mechanisms for blood pressure control. Please explain the following: a. Where are receptors located in the body for measuring blood pressure and how do they sense a change in blood pressure. b. Where do the above sensors send their signals? c. In orthostatic hypotension how does the control center in part b respond (which part of the nervous system is activated)? d. Activation of the nervous system in part c would produce what change in blood pressure and why (for the why part of this question you should be talking about the definition of blood pressure)?

Explanation / Answer

A) Baroreceptors measure the blood pressure located in the carotid sinus and in the aortic arch. They sense the change in tension of arterial walls.

B) baroreceptors send their signals to the central nervous system i.e. brain

C) it causes decrease in blood pressure.

D) Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg within three minutes of standing when compared with blood pressure from the sitting or supine position.

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