Part C: Help with the diagnosis. Part B: Diagnosis - Is your urine \"normal\" or

Question

Part C:

Help with the diagnosis.

Part B: Diagnosis - Is your urine "normal" or "abnormal"? Explain your answer. Part C: Case Study - A student does a urinalysis on her urine and gets the following results. Study the results and answer the questions below: Color: Dark amber Transparency: Cloudy - Odor: Strong- pH: 7- Specific Gravity: 1.060- Glucose: Absent - Protein: Moderate - Ketone: Absent - Bilirubin: Absent- Hemoglobin: Trace - Sediments: Many squamous epithelial and transitional cells, many WBC's, few RBC's mucin strands, yeast cells, bacteria - 1. 2. 3. For each result above, indicate it if is normal or abnormal. If abnormal, indicate a possible cause. Diagnose this person based on the urinalysis. Explain your diagnosis.

Explanation / Answer

Case study

Color: Dark amber is normal. Normal urine color varies from pale yellow to dark amber. This may vary depending on the medications, food intake.

Transparency: Cloudy is abnormal. It is due to appearance of protein which causes cloudy. It is seen in Urinary tract infections, Kidney sones and dehydration.

odor: Strong is due to high concentration of Ammonia. It is seen in conditions where there is little water and more of waste products. it is seen mainly in dehydration.

pH 7 Is normal. It is nutral neither alkaline nor acidic.

Specific gravity: 1.060 is abnormal. It is increased. It may be due to dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea.

Glucose absent is normal. Normally glucose is not seen in urine.

Protein: moderate. it is abnormal. Normally protein is not seen . moderate protein indicates Urinary tract infection.

ketone bodies : Absent. it is normal.

Bilirubin : Absent. It is normal.

Hemoglobin trace: It is abnormal. this condition is called as hematuria. This is seen in urinary tract infection. kidney infections, kidney stones.

Sediments like epithelial cells,, mucin strands,, bacteria is abnormal. It is seen in conditions like urinary tract infections. bladder stones.

part C: The results is indicative of urinary tract infection because of presence of protein, hemoglobin traces and bacteria is suggestive of bacterial urinary tract infection.

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