During summer training in the extreme August heat, Sam is sweating profusely alo

Question

During summer training in the extreme August heat, Sam is sweating profusely along with his teammates. Water breaks are frequent, but Sam consumes very little. He continues on with running drills, but then suddenly stops, saying he feels sick. Sam is taken over to the shade of a tent where the trainers examine him. Sam is found to have a body temperature of 102 degrees Fahrenheit, dry mucous membranes and is jittery. He says he just wants some water and that 1. What is the mostly likely cause for the above mentioned symptoms? 2. Which electrolyte is most likely imbalanced? a. Is this an increased or decreased concentration? b. What is the name of this condition? 3. As part of the treatment, Sam is administered an IV of a hypotonic solution. Why might this be helpful in treatment? 4. What effect would you expect this condition to have on Sam's levels of ADH? On ANH?

Explanation / Answer

1)The above condition explains that it is a extreme August heat and Sam is sweating profusely and consuming very little water.When he was examined the body temperature is 102 degrees fahrenheit,dry mucus membrane and is jittery according to these conditions it seems to be heat stroke or nonpyrogenic hyperthermia

2)Water electrolyte balance is more likely to be imbalanced.

a)concentration of body fluids increases as the concentration of electrolytes in the blood increses due to excessive sweating.

b)This condition is known as dehydration.

3)Hypotonic solution is given to treat cellular dehydration.Hypotonic solutions have a lower concentration of solutes.Fluid shifts from the intravascular space to both intracellular and interstitial spaces.The hypotonic solution moves inside the cell to even out the concentration of solutes.

4)Dilation of blood vessels occur when exposed to the heat stroke. Acute heat exposure causes changes in the body fluids.Because of heat exposure it becomes difficult to the body to maintain plasma volume and osmolality.Rise in the concentration of electrolytes in the blood due to excessive sweating and dehydration stimulates and releases Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).Elevated concentration of body fluids stimulates the release of Atrial Natriuretic hormone(ANH) as it has diuretic and natriuretic effects.

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