You are running late for physiology class, and instead of cutting through a yard
ID: 3480348 • Letter: Y
Question
You are running late for physiology class, and instead of cutting through a yard where there is a dangerous cat, you go the long way and run all the way to school. It is very hot and you sweat excessively and become dehydrated. You lose proportionately more water than salts.
A. Name 3 hormones that will be affecting the state of contraction of your arterioles and peripheral vasculature.
B. Will your levels of aldosterone increase or decrease in response to dehydration? Explain.
C. What is the direct stimulus for increased release of aldosterone when MAP is low?
D. How specifically does aldosterone cause increased absorption of water?
E. You drink 2 L of water to replace the fluids that you lost, and restore normal mean arterial pressure. What happens to the osmolarity of your blood?
F. You start to experience muscle weakness due to low plasma potassium levels. What condition are you suffering from?
Explanation / Answer
Answer
A. the three hormone that can affect the contraction of arterioles and peripheral vasculature are ADH, Aldosterone and Angiotensiogen II. In the above case there is loss of water and salts that can leads to decreases B.P. To maitain homeostasis and normal blood pressure.
ADH provide the reabsorption of water(vasoconstriction)
Aldosterone provides reabsorption of more sodium along with water( vasoconstriction)
Angiotensinogen II causes the constriction of blood vessels
B.
The levels of aldosterone increase in response to dehydration. In dehydration there is loss of water and salts that results in decreased blood volume. That decreased blood volume increases the Aldosterone release and also ADH.
C.
The direct stimulus for increased release of aldosterone when Mean arterial pressure is low is the Plasma Renin
decreasesd MAP results in decreased renal perfusion rate that inturn leads to release of Renin.
D.
When the body water level decreases, the zona glomerulosa cells in adrenal cortex release Aldosterone. This increases the absorption of water at collecting ducts.
the mechanisms involved in absorption of water are
the aldosterone binds to aldosterone receptors and causes the production of mRNA. That results in production of aldosterone induced proteins.
- increases reabsorption of sodium by increasing Na+ K+ ATPases
- increases secretion of potassium by increasing Na+ K+ ATPases
- by actvating inactive channels on apical surface
- by inserting the number of channel proteins in apical surface from cytoplasm.
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