The respiratory system is vital in distributing air to the lungs so as to allow

Question

The respiratory system is vital in distributing air to the lungs so as to allow gas exchange directly in the Aveoli of the lungs. The exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen is necessary for making cellular energy through the direct use of oxygen removing some carbon dioxide from the bloodstream. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood stream is extremely important towards blood pH regulation. 1)Explain three main ways in which CO2 is transported in the blood stream. 2) describe how carbon dioxide affects blood in pH. 3) how is carbon dioxide chemically converted into the bloodstream as to maintain proper pH level? 4) describe the difference between internal versus external respiration.5) how do chemo receptors in the brain stem help to control the respiratory rate? 6) describe how the diaphragm works to promote inspiration and expiration.7) what are the four para nasal sinuses and how do they play a role in respiratory function? The respiratory system is vital in distributing air to the lungs so as to allow gas exchange directly in the Aveoli of the lungs. The exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen is necessary for making cellular energy through the direct use of oxygen removing some carbon dioxide from the bloodstream. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood stream is extremely important towards blood pH regulation. 1)Explain three main ways in which CO2 is transported in the blood stream. 2) describe how carbon dioxide affects blood in pH. 3) how is carbon dioxide chemically converted into the bloodstream as to maintain proper pH level? 4) describe the difference between internal versus external respiration.5) how do chemo receptors in the brain stem help to control the respiratory rate? 6) describe how the diaphragm works to promote inspiration and expiration.7) what are the four para nasal sinuses and how do they play a role in respiratory function?

Explanation / Answer

The three ways in which CO2 is transported in the blood stream is as follows-

i) As dissolved in blood plasma- Around 7% of carbon dioxide is transported through this method.CO2 diffuses into capillaries and reaches the lungs where it is diffused out.

ii) As bicarbonates- Around 70% of the CO2 is carried as bicarbonate ions. The carbonic anhydrase of erythrocytes catalyse the reaction of diffused CO2 with a molecule of water to form carbonic acid. It dissociates into H+andHCO3- ions.

iii) As carboxyhemoglobin- Hb-CO2 accounts for 23% of hemoglobin transport. These are transported with venous blood to pulmonary system where CO2 gets released.

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