21-28. Indicate the characteristics of the types of autonomic receptors using th

Question

21-28. Indicate the characteristics of the types of autonomic receptors using the following answers a. nicotinic receptors b. muscarinic receptors c. alpha receptors d. beta-1 receptors e beta-2 receptors 21.Bind with acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers 22. Adrenergic receptor found primarily in the heart 23.Activation of this type of adrenergic receptor is generally inhibitory 24.Bind with acetylcholine released from preganglionic fibers 25.Activation of this type of adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory 26.Found in all autonomic ganglia 27.The most widely distributed receptor 28. This receptor does not follow a G protein Pathway

Explanation / Answer

Sympathetic or adrenergic receptors are alpha, beta 1 and beta 2.

Alpha receptors: it is located on the arteries. When the alpha receptor is stimulated by epinephrine or norepinephrine, the arteries constrict. This increases the blood pressure and the blood flow returning to the heart.

Beta 1 receptors: It is located in the heart. When Beta 1 receptors are stimulated they increase the heart rate and increase the heart's strength of contraction or contractility.

Beta 2 receptors: Beta 2 receptors are located in the bronchioles of the lungs and the arteries of the skeletal muscles. When these receptors are stimulated, they increase the diameter of the bronchioles to let more air in and out during breathing and they dilate the vessels of the skeletal muscles so they can receive the increased blood flow produced by stimulating the alpha and beta 1 receptors.

Parasympathetic receptors: There are only two types, muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors.

muscarinic receptors: When this receptor is stimulated, it causes a decrease in the heart rate, a decrease in heart contractility and a decrease in the size of the bronchioles. When we are at rest, we can slow down and conserve energy.

nicotinic receptors: Involved in muscle contraction and are affected by substances such as curare (used on those poison tipped arrows) that cause muscle paralysis by blocking these nicotinic receptors.

Answer 21) Nicotinic receptors,Muscarinic receptors

Answer 22) Beta 2 receptors

23) alpha 2 , beta 2 & beta 3 receptors

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