Explain the two differences between hydrolysis and dehydration condensation. Exp

Question

Explain the two differences between hydrolysis and dehydration condensation. Explain two differences between anabolism and catabolism and define metabolism. Explain the differences between saturated, unsaturated and partially hydrogenated fats and give examples of each. A phospholipid molecule, which is the major constituent of membranes, is said to be amphipathic because it contains polar and non-polar groups in the same molecule. On a scrap sheet of paper, draw the diagram normally used to illustrate an amphipathic phospholipid and name the functional group that makes up each part of the molecule. Compare your drawing to the answer key on the next page.

Explanation / Answer

Hydrolysis: It is a chemical reaction where a water molecule is split and ions are used to cleave a covalent bond. This reaction helps in mobilizing the body's energy stores to break macromolecules.

dehydration condensation: Dehydration reaction involves loss of a water molecule from the reacting molecule. Dehydration reactions are subset of condensation reactions. The condensation process happens where two molecules or moieties combine to form a larger molecule, together with the loss of a small molecule mainly water.

Anabolism: The chemical reaction where smaller molecules are combined to form larger molecules. In liver, the cells absorb amino acids and use them to synthesize new proteins that are released into the blood.

Catabolism: The chemical reaction that converts the larger molecule into simpler individual molecules. After consuming a protein, enzymes in the stomach and intestines digest the protein to release individual amino acids.

Metabolism: It is a general term for all chemical reactions that happen in the cells of living organisms.

Saturated fats: In their chemical structure, they do not have any double bonds between carbon and hydrogen molecules. They are solid at room temperature. Examples include butter, cream, and coconut oil.

Unsaturated fats: They have one or more double bonds in their chemical structure and they exist as a liquid at room temperature. Examples include peanut oil, sunflower oil and liquid vegetable oils.

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