A seven-year old girl named Lorelei enjoys playing soccer, swimming, and baking

Question

A seven-year old girl named Lorelei enjoys playing soccer, swimming, and baking with her mother. She is very talkative and outgoing once she is with her close friends or family members, but she can become quite nervous when around new people and may be quiet and more reserved in those situations. Lorelei usually does very well in school. She is above grade level in reading, but says she dislikes writing. Recently, Lorelei has been coming home from school with her class work unfinished and has been "talking back" to her parents. This is unusual behavior for Lorelei and her parents don't know how to respond. Otherwise, Lorelei continues to be helpful around the house and seems to enjoy playing with her new 5-month old brother, James 0 Lorelei's teacher requested a parent-teacher conference, as Lorelei has been acting up in class as well. The teacher said that Lorelei is usually a good listener and very attentive in class. However, Lorelei has been increasingly disruptive the past few months. Recently, every time a student asks to go to the restroom Lorelei asks to go to the restroom as well. The teacher also noticed that Lorelei gets up from her desk a few times each hour to grab a tissue to blow her nose and just generally appears to be easily distracted. She will wander around the classroom looking for books or games, usually at a time when students have just been asked to sit at their desk to complete their homework or in-class assignments. Since she doesn't follow the teacher's instructions, Lorelei does not finish her class work during the time allotted. Lorele's parents were shocked to hear about her behaviors in class, as this has never been an issue before. Insight into Psych-Module #4 V 3.20.18

Explanation / Answer

4. A varible schedule of reinforcement is one where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses. This schedule creates a steady, high rate of responding. Gambling and lottery games are good examples of a reward based on a variable ratio schedule. In Lolerei’s case, her teacher can use negative reinforcement to decrease Lolerei’s undesirable class behaviours. Her teacher can make note of situations when Lolerei does not appear distracted in class, visit the toilet, or blow her nose. In classes when these behaviours do not occur, the teacher can randomly choose instances wherein she praises Lolerei for her good behaviour, or may even agree to reduce her assignment load.

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