Hypothesis and Operational Definition Exercise Provide the same information for
ID: 3448740 • Letter: H
Question
Hypothesis and Operational Definition Exercise Provide the same information for each hypothesis. Hypothesis 1: Job stress is associated with absenteeism rates at work 1. Which method (quantitative or qualitative) would you use to test this hypothesis? Why!? 2. Which is the independent or "cause" variable and which is the dependent or "effect variable if an experiment? 3. State an operational definition for each variable. If experimental, describe how the independent variable might be manipulated and the dependent variable measured. If nonexperimental, describe how both variables might be measured. Hypothesis 2: A pregnant woman's diet affects the birth weight of her baby. Hypothesis 3: The size of a meeting is related to the length of the meeting. Hypothesis 4: Frequency of child abuse is related to the parents' ages when they married. Hypothesis 5: Political orientation is related to attitude toward gun control. Hypothesis 6: Visual imagery improves memory. Hypothesis 7: Jury decisions are influenced by the attractiveness of the defendant. Hypothesis 8: Exercise is related to levels of stress. Hypothesis 9: Age of instructor is related to students' evaluation of the instructor. Hypothesis 10: Number of hours worked is related to the number of hours spent studying.Explanation / Answer
Hypothesis 1:
1. The hypothesis will be better tested with the use of quantitative method of research as a causal relationship is being investigated in the study and the variables being studied are already described in easily measurable terms in the hypothesis.
2. Job Stress is the independent variable and absentee behaviour of the employees is the dependent variable.
3. In the given study, if a correlational method is used to compare the two variables then th eindependent variable can be operationally defined as the test performance of the employees on a stress inventory that measures the level of their work related anxiety. The dependent variable can be defined as the actual number of days at work which were missed by the employees.
Hypothesis 2:
1.The hypothesis can be tested using the quantitative approach. This is because, the hypothesis describes the relationship between the variables to be stated in measurable that is statistical terms and this would yield more scientifically valid results than qualitative approach.
2. The change in the diet of the pregnant women is the independent variable. The dependent variable is the birth weight of the infants of the pregnant female participants.
3. The independent variable can be operationally defined in terms of the diet in the optimal nutritional proportions in kilojoules that are being consumed by the female participants in the study. Any proportion below or above the optimal or the balanced diet range will be an indicator of an alteration in the diet from the expected standards. The dependent variable is the weight of the infants born to the participants at the time of birth as measured on the weighing scale in kgs. Such a study requires a repeated study of the Participants over a long period of 9-10 months. Therefore, a cross-sequential correlational study would be effective.
Hypothesis 3:
1. a quantitative method would be effective in this case to establish a causal relationship between the variables with high validity and reliability.
2. The independent variable in the study is the size of the people in a group meeting and the dependent variable is the duration of the meeting in terms of time.
3. The hypothesis can be established using the experimental method in which the independent variable can be operationally defined as the actual number of participants in a group where the experimenters change the number of members in the experimental group from 4 members, then to making the total count to 6 members, then to 8 members and finally 10 members. In this way, they can manipulate the treatment condition to see its effect on the dependent variable. The dependent variable here can be operationally defined as the amount of productive time spent by the participants doing the required task as part of the groups in minutes and seconds.
Hypothesis 4:
1. The given study can be studied using quantitative method of research if the focus is on the incidence of child abuse by parents in families. However, since the hypothesis focuses on the exact numbers or frequency of occurance of abuse, then a quantitative analysis using the correlational method would be more appropriate for hypothesis.
2. The independent variable here is the actual chronological age of the paret(s) at the time of beginning with their role as parents. The number of cases of child abuse in the families being studied is the dependent variable being studied.
3. The independent variable can be operationally defined as the actual chronological age of the parents of the children from abusive families as mentioned in the surveys and other administrative records such as hospital maternity records The number of actual cases of domestic child abuse- physical, emotional, sexual and verbal abuse, reported to the social service offices in the districts can be a way to operationally define the dependent variable so as to make it measurable.
( there isn’t limited time and space to write all the answers here. Please post them as separate questions. Hope this helps you).
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