10. A child at Koblberg\'s carly stage of preconventional morality is intent upo
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10. A child at Koblberg's carly stage of preconventional morality is intent upon (a) abiding by rigid rules of right and wrong. (b)Javoiding punishment and gaining reward. (c) avoiding the rigid rules of parents if possible. (d) abiding by his/her biological drives. (e) c and d are true. 11. In Kohlberg's stage of conventional morality s person tries to (a) gain an understanding of rules so as to avoid them. (b) gain reward and avoid punishment. (c) gain insight to the ethical meaning of moral rules. d) gain social approval and abide by rules. 12. Harlow studied the bases of attachment by investigating whether infant monkeys who had been raised in isolation preferred wire "mothers" with milk bottles or cloth "mothers" with no milk His results indicated that 0)physical contact is more important than feeding for the development of attachment. feeding is more important than physical contact for the development of attachment. (c) the young monkeys would have nothing to do with either "mother." (d) the young monkeys preferred humans to the surrogate mothers, and in fact attacked both s. "Acconding to Erickson's psychosocial theory, all but the following are true: toEMost people experience an identity crisis. b) Childhood is characterized by a conflict of trust versus mistrust. (c) Late adulthood is characterized by Integrity versus despair d) Poor psychosocial development in puberty has been shown to have no long-term negative effects 14. According to Erickson's psychosocial theory, the conflict in adolescence is: (a) trust versus mistrust. (6) autonomy versus doubt. (e) initiative versus guilt. (d) control versus fragmentation. (e) identity versus identity confusionExplanation / Answer
10. In the stage of preconventional morality in children under 9 years of age, the idea of morality is related to avoiding of punishment. The moral code at this stage is shaped and influenced by adults punishments and rewards for the consequences of actions.
ANSWER. Option b. Avoiding punishment and gaining reward.
11. In the stage of conventional morality the concept of morality is related to conforming to the norms of the society or group to get social acceptance and credibility.
ANSWER. Option d. Gain social approval and abide by rules.
12. Harlow's study on Rhesus monkeys gave evidence that attachments are more social than biological. Physical proximity is more important than the biological needs for emotional attachment.
ANSWER. Option d. physical contact is more important than feeding for the development of attachment.
13. Erikson laid more importance on his stage of adolescence because the identity crisis that arises in this stage, if not met will have a long lasting negative effect on an individual's life.
ANSWER. Option d. Poor psychosocial development in puberty has been shown to have long term negative effects
14. ANSWER. Option e. identity versus identity confusion
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