11) Research examining the biological differences between homosexual and heteros

Question

11) Research examining the biological differences between homosexual and heterosexual men and women have shown that: A) homosexual and heterosexual males have no differences in brain structure. B) homosexuals have a higher probability of having a homosexual sibling than do heterosexuals. C) the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus is larger in homosexual men than in heterosexual men. D) homosexuality in families follows paternal lines. E) homosexuality is only related to societal and cultural influences.

12) Which of the following are most likely to show preferences for masculine toys? A) girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia B) female vervet monkeys C) castrated male zebra finches D) girls with congenital masculinity syndrome E) girls with Turner's syndrome

13) The capacity of some human couples to pair bond may reflect the activity of A) oxytocin and dopamine. B) glutamate and glycine. C) dopamine and vasopressin. D) vasopressin and oxytocin. E) acetylcholine and norepinephrine.

14) Which of the following would be expected in a rat after stimulating central nucleus of the amygdala? A) behavioral signs of fear B) reduced secretion of gastric acids into the stomach C) the rat would be more tame when handled by humans D) lower levels of stress hormones in the blood E) euphoria and sedation

15) Cannon disagreed with William James’s theory of emotion because: A) emotion can be felt before the sympathetic stress response is initiated. B) emotion is not dependent upon the cortex as suggested by sham rage. C) many emotions elicit the same bodily responses. D) all of the above. E) none of the above.

16) The modern approach to studying the neuroscience of emotion made significant advances compared to studies prior to the 1960’s because: A) animal models were used for the first time to study emotion. B) the amygdala was shown to be related to release of oxytocin. C) the hippocampus was shown to be the key area related to fear conditioning. D) several emotions were studied to provide a unifying theory of emotion. E) only one emotion at a time was studied.

17) In LeDoux’s fear learning circuit, the association between a CS and an US occurs in: A) the hippocampus. B) the primary sensory cortex. C) the lateral nuclei of the amygdala. D) the central nuclei of the amygdala. E) all of the above.

18) The processing of facial emotions important for social interactions is most likely to be impaired after A) unilateral hippocampal damage. B) bilateral hippocampal damage. C) unilateral amygdala damage. D) bilateral amygdala damage. E) damage to the happy face processing lobe.

19) According to William James’ theory of emotion, which of the following is most important for the subjective experience of an emotion? A) an intact thalamus B) the cultural context in which an event occurs C) one's self-report of what is being experienced D) sensory feedback from muscles and internal organs E) changes in hormone levels provoked by the stimulus

20) Lesions to the lateral hypothalamus will: A) result in obesity. B) result in rats becoming more finicky about their food. C) stimulate eating behavior. D) eliminate eating behavior. E) Both A and C.

21) According to Dr. Jeffrey Friedman, the primary reason that we fail to lose weight from dieting is: A) Lack of willpower. B) The basic drive to eat will win out every time. C) The first law of thermodynamics.E) All of the above are correct. D) Very recent changes in our environment

22) Leptin is secreted by the ________ and communicates a signal to the ________. A) stomach, hypothalamus B) stomach, liver C) hypothalamus; stomach D) fat cells; hypothalamus E) hypothalamus, fat cells

23) Hereditability estimates of obesity fall in the range of: A) .80-.90 B) .70-.80. C) .50-.60. D) .40-.50. E) Obesity is not generally hereditable.

24) According to Dr. Jeffrey Friedman, 5% of morbid obesity is due to: A) A single gene defect in combination with environmental influences. B) The presence of high-fructose corn syrup in processed foods. C) A single gene defect that causes a deficiency in leptin. D) A single gene defect that causes an insensitivity to leptin. E) Extreme behavioral dysfunction.

25) Homeostasis: A) regulates body temperature, fluids, and metabolism. B) is a negative feedback system. C) involves comparing the current state to a set point. D) is controlled by the hypothalamus. E) all of the above.

Explanation / Answer

11)Research examining the biological differences between homosexual and heterosexual men and women have shown that homosexual and heterosexual males have no brain differences.

12) Girls with conginetal hyperpalsia

13) vasopressin and oxytocin

14) Behavioural signs of fear

15) All the above

16) several emotions were studied to provide a unifying theory of emotion.

17) lateral nuclei of the amygdala

18) bilateral amygdala damage

19) sensory feeedback from muscles and internal organs

20) result in rats becoming finicky about their foods

21) all the above are correct

22) hypothalamus ,fat cells

23)

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