Which one best describes the norm of universalism: Knowledge claims must be eval

Question

Which one best describes the norm of universalism:

Knowledge claims must be evaluated in terms of pre-established, impersonal criteria.

Knowledge claims must be falsifiable.

Knowledge claims must be shared.

Knowledge claims must be obtained via empirical studies of the universe.

Knowledge claims must be evaluated in terms of pre-established, impersonal criteria.

Knowledge claims must be falsifiable.

Knowledge claims must be shared.

Knowledge claims must be obtained via empirical studies of the universe.

Explanation / Answer

There are 4 norms of scientific ethics according to Merton.

The ffirst norm of universalism stands for science belonging to each scientist without discrimination and any research should be accepted and validated without paying heed to one's age , ethnicity , nationallity etc

Option A- knowledge claims must be evaluated in terms of established impersonal criteria is the best description

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