1: Pick ONE of the compare/contrast questions and answer in 1-2 detailed paragra
ID: 3444180 • Letter: 1
Question
1: Pick ONE of the compare/contrast questions and answer in 1-2 detailed paragraphs with supporting answers and citations.
CLO1: Analyze: CLO1: Analyze: Students will draw connections among ideas by comparing and contrasting the scientific goals, definitions, methods, and concepts while demonstrating their skills in written communication, critical thinking, and information literacy.
Compare and contrast the strengths/weaknesses of the four research designs.
Compare and contrast the importance of random assignment versus nonrandom assignment in experiments.
Compare and contrast the concept of correlation versus causation.
#2: Identify the theoretical foundations of the assigned journal article by Lee and colleagues.
CLO2: Comprehend/Evaluate: Students will understand the value of theory and justify their decision for selecting the best social psychological theory covered across 10 application areas based on a set of criteria while demonstrating their skills in written communication, critical thinking, and information literacy.
Can you explain the theory that informed the hypotheses tested by Lee and her colleagues (2017)? (Hint: Read Introduction and Discussion sections of the article).
Did the empirical results across the four studies confirm or disconfirm the theory?
JOURNAL ARTICLE: The Price of Beauty – A Research Study Example
Read over the Press Release by APA http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2017/10/being-pretty.aspx then
read the article - Lee, M., Pitesa, M., Pillutla, M. M., & Thau, S. (2017, October 23). Perceived Entitlement Causes
Discrimination Against Attractive Job Candidates in the Domain of Relatively Less Desirable Jobs.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000114
#3: Implications: Apply the results from the empirical article to better understand the problem. Use detailed paragraphs with supporting answers and citations.
CLO3: Apply: The student will use information in new situations while demonstrating their skills in written communication, critical thinking, and information literacy.
As a consultant, how would you apply the results of the Lee et al. 2017 studies to help job-seekers?
As a consultant, how might you apply the results of the Lee at al. 2017 studies to an HR Talent Acquisition staff member writing the job description?
#4. Be the researcher: Design a research study.
CLO4: Create: Students will produce new works or ideas by formulating practical solutions to social problems while demonstrating their skills in written communication, critical thinking, and information literacy.
After reviewing the designs in the e-text or additional research, if you were given a $1-million-dollar grant to study this issue, how might you replicate and extend one of the studies in Lee et al article? How would you address the limitations of the studies by Lee and her colleagues? Describe the new populations, IVs, DVs, and Procedure. (Hint: See Discussion section; you can also use mixed-methods).
Explanation / Answer
The random and the non-random assignment of research participants are both statistical methods of controlling variables in an experiment. Random assignment places participants into different statistical groups in such a way that all variables (age, sex, ethnicity, blood type, etc.) are mixed up evenly among the groups so as to avoid these factors skewing the results. For example, if you want to test whether a new drug works better than a placebo (sugar pill) you want to make sure the higher score for group B is because of the actual new drug being test and not a result of the fact that all the members of group B were younger and healthier than those in group A.
A non-random assignment of participants is the opposite. In this case, you want one group to consist only of people with a certain characteristic and the other group to consist only of people without that characteristic. In this case, you are testing to see whether the experimental drug works better in one of the two groups (in other words, if that characteristic influences the result of the drug).
A good example of a non-random assignment of research participants is for testing a cholesterol drug on two groups of people. Group A consists of caucasian males, group B consists of latino males and group C consists of african-american males. We now can take the test results and see if any of these ethnic groups statistically respond differently to the cholesterol drug.
This is would be a typical example of non-random assignment: you are controlling the one property (ethnicity) that you seek to measure. It is non-random because the groupings were not left to chance (people assigned to their groups by a coin toss) but you purposely put each person in their given group based on their ethnic background.
Correlation and Causation both need an independent and dependent variable. An independent variable is a condition in an experiment that can be controlled or changed. A dependent variable is a condition in an experiment that is controlled or influenced by an outside factor, most often the independent variable. If there is a correlation, then sometimes we can assume that the dependent variable changes solely because the independent variables change. There is a difference between cause and effect (causation) and relationship (correlation).
Correlation is the relationship between two sets of variables used to describe or predict information. There is an emphasis here on relationship. Sometimes we can use correlation to find causality.Causation, also known as cause and effect, is when an observed event or action appears to have caused a second event or action.
Causation is an occurrence or action that can cause another while correlation is an action or occurrence that has a direct link to another.In causation, the results are predictable and certain while in correlation, the results are not visible or certain but there is a possibility that something will happen.Also establishing causality is difficult while there are many statistical tools available to establish correlation between events.
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