d. Is this best described as an experiment, acontioned pe experiment? 3. A study

Question

d. Is this best described as an experiment, acontioned pe experiment? 3. A study is conducted to determine whether people learn better with spaced or massed practice Subjects volunteer from an introductory psychology class. At the beginning of the semester 12 subjects volunteer and are assigned to the massed-practice group. At the end of the semester 12 subjects volunteer and are assigned to the spaced-practice condition a. Is this a sampling or a census? b. Is this an observational study or an experiment? C. This study involves two kinds of non-random sampling (1) Subjects are not randomly sampled from some specified population and (2) Subjects are not randomly assigned to groups. Which problem is more serious? What affect on the results does each have? Studies are fen done hy nharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment

Explanation / Answer

Ans Reason A This is sampling As not each and every person of the population is subjected to the treatment intended B Experiment As the treatments are introduced and then the results are studied, which is the case in an experiment. C (1) is a bigger problem This is because in the experiment each is subjected to the same treatment before and after, all are subjected to the same treatment hence only thing that matters is how the 12 were selected and was their any bias present. Effect of (1) on result As its non random, the results could be biased depending on what students are selected. If not random, means their behavior to the treatment could be biased and hence the experiment results might not be extended to other subjects, hence the experiemnt could be flawed Effect of (2) on result They are not randomly assigned but all are assigned to the same treatment so the bias is minimized, only problem could be all are subjected to first treatment and then the second , which means there could be some bias in following this particular order of treatment and that will affect the result in some way or another.

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